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Female participation in EU exporting activities: jobs and wages

Author

Listed:
  • Jose Manuel Rueda-Cantuche

    (JRC)

  • Zornitsa Kutlina-Dimitrova

    (DG Trade)

  • Nuno Sousa

    (DG Trade)

Abstract

This analysis sheds new insights on the gender-balance of the employment opportunities supported by extra-EU exports. It shows that in 2017 more than 13 million female workers in the EU had jobs thanks to the exports of goods and services to the rest of the world. However, there is a gender gap when it comes to the employment prospects offered by extra-EU exports: only 38% of the jobs dependent on exports to the world are taken up by women. The analysis suggests that such gender gap is largely due to the concentration of female employment in the less export-oriented sectors, notably in services. Furthermore, the current note makes clear that labour compensation for female workers in exports-supported jobs stagnated in comparison to total employment over the time period considered. Although all exports-supported jobs benefit from a wage premium, there is a gender wage gap of 4 p.p.

Suggested Citation

  • Jose Manuel Rueda-Cantuche & Zornitsa Kutlina-Dimitrova & Nuno Sousa, 2019. "Female participation in EU exporting activities: jobs and wages," DG TRADE Chief Economist Notes 2019-3, Directorate General for Trade, European Commission.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:dgtcen:2019_003
    as

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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zornitsa Kutlina-Dimitrova & José Manuel Rueda-Cantuche & Antonio Amores & Victoria Román, 2018. "How important are EU exports for jobs in the EU?," DG TRADE Chief Economist Notes 2018-4, Directorate General for Trade, European Commission.
    2. Marcel P. Timmer & Erik Dietzenbacher & Bart Los & Robert Stehrer & Gaaitzen J. Vries, 2015. "An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input–Output Database: the Case of Global Automotive Production," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(3), pages 575-605, August.
    3. Inaki Arto & Jose M. Rueda-Cantuche & Ignacio Cazcarro & Antonio F. Amores & Erik Dietzenbacher & M. Victoria Roman & Zornitsa Kutlina-Dimitrova, 2018. "EU exports to the world: Effects on employment," JRC Research Reports JRC113071, Joint Research Centre.
    4. Timmer, Marcel P. & Los, Bart & Stehrer, Robert & de Vries, Gaaitzen J., 2016. "An Anatomy of the Global Trade Slowdown based on the WIOD 2016 Release," GGDC Research Memorandum GD-162, Groningen Growth and Development Centre, University of Groningen.
    5. Gulay Gunluk-Senesen & Umit Senesen, 2011. "Decomposition Of Labour Demand By Employer Sectors And Gender: Findings For Major Exporting Sectors In Turkey," Economic Systems Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(2), pages 233-253.
    6. Edgar S. Dunn, 1960. "A Statistical And Analytical Technique For Regional Analysis," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 6(1), pages 97-112, January.
    7. Jose Manuel Rueda-Cantuche & Nuno Sousa, 2017. "Are EU exports gender-blind? Some key features of women participation in exporting activities in the EU," DG TRADE Chief Economist Notes 2017-3, Directorate General for Trade, European Commission.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    international trade; gender; employment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations

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