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La politique économique dans la mondialisation : de la récusation au renouveau (The economic policy in the globalization : from the denial in the revival)

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  • Lamia YACOUB

    (labrii, ULCO)

Abstract

Le processus de la mondialisation, ses paradoxes et ses enjeux, ont revitalisé les polémiques autour du statut et du rôle de l’Etat et les ont posées avec une grande acuité dans la littérature et les discours politico-économiques. Tandis que certains y voient une récusation des politiques économiques actives, d’autres considèrent que c’est ce processus même qui suscite une redéfinition du rôle de l’Etat dans la promotion du développement. L’objet de cette contribution est de démontrer qu’une telle redéfinition devrait relever d’une réflexion pragmatique et rénovée sur le rôle clé de la politique économique en matière de développement et non pas s’effectuer dans le sens d’une intervention publique plus neutre et plus passive, comme le suggère l’approche néolibérale, celle qui a tant inspiré la thérapeutique des plans d’ajustement structurel et les commandements du Consensus de Washington. Ce sont désormais les contestations et les crises qui ont rendu visibles les lacunes des lignes de conduite proposées et la fragilité des doctrines qui les ont inspirées. Les nouveaux enjeux de la mondialisation nous incitent à en tirer des leçons et à saisir toute la « crucialité » d’un nouveau modèle de développement. Face à un système de gouvernance mondiale se révélant récemment en crise et d’une approche libérale devenant fortement contestée, la concrétisation de ce modèle ne requiert-elle pas un renouveau des politiques économiques actives ; plus volontaristes et mieux réfléchies ? Mots clés : Politique économique, Mondialisation, développement, Etat, gouvernance. The process of globalization, its paradoxes and its stakes, have revitalized the polemics about the statute and the role of the State and posed them with a great acuity in the politico-economic literature and speeches. While some see in it a denial of active economic policies, others consider that it is this process itself that arouses a redefinition of the State’s role in the promotion of the development. The object of this contribution is to show that such a redefinition should arise from a pragmatic and renewed reflection on the key role of the economic policy in development, rather than in the sense of a more neutral and passive public intervention, as suggested by the neo-liberal approach, which so much inspired the therapeutics of the structural adjustment programs and the commands of the Washington Consensus. It is henceforth the contesting and the crises that made visible the gaps of the proposed lines of conduct and the fragility of the doctrines which inspired them. The new stakes of globalization incite us to take lessons from this and to seize all the "cruciality" of a new development model. In front of a world governance system showing recently in crisis and of a liberal approach becoming strongly controversial, the realization of such a model does not require a revival of the active economic policies; more voluntarist and better reflected? Key words: Economic policy, globalization, development, State, governance.

Suggested Citation

  • Lamia YACOUB, 2009. "La politique économique dans la mondialisation : de la récusation au renouveau (The economic policy in the globalization : from the denial in the revival)," Working Papers 211, Laboratoire de Recherche sur l'Industrie et l'Innovation. ULCO / Research Unit on Industry and Innovation.
  • Handle: RePEc:rii:riidoc:211
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Economic policy; globalization; development state; governance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • M19 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - Other
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General
    • E60 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - General
    • A20 - General Economics and Teaching - - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics - - - General

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