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Shock Infections through Global Value Chains

Author

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  • Kuusi, Tero
  • Ali-Yrkkö, Jyrki

Abstract

We examine how the Covid-19 shock was transmitted from the foreign, upstream parts of value chains to domestic (downstream) production. After categorizing global value chains based on their home-producer industry and country, we quantify the multiplier effect of the transmitted shock on the entire value chain by considering changes in home production. We focus on the value-chain impact of the early stages of Covid-19 in China (1-4/2020) and measure the upstream (direct) shock using world input-output and Chinese production data. Our differences-in-differences research setup reveals that the shock impact was large: For every percentage point share of value added contributed by the Chinese producers to the value chain, there was a 1.3 percentage point larger contraction in home production. Furthermore, the multiplier effect stemming from the contraction in Chinese manufacturing substantially magnified the initial shock, increasing its impact on domestic production by an order of magnitude. The effects varied across industries and regions, with the most substantial multiplier effects observed in highly digitalized, high-R&D industries, particularly in the EU and North America. Furthermore, we provide evidence on the dynamics of adjustment.

Suggested Citation

  • Kuusi, Tero & Ali-Yrkkö, Jyrki, 2023. "Shock Infections through Global Value Chains," ETLA Working Papers 109, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
    • Handle: RePEc:rif:wpaper:109
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Matthew Elliott & Benjamin Golub & Matthew V. Leduc, 2022. "Supply Network Formation and Fragility," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 112(8), pages 2701-2747, August.
    2. Bonadio, Barthélémy & Huo, Zhen & Levchenko, Andrei A. & Pandalai-Nayar, Nitya, 2021. "Global supply chains in the pandemic," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    3. Marcel Timmer, 2017. "Productivity Measurement in Global Value Chains," International Productivity Monitor, Centre for the Study of Living Standards, vol. 33, pages 182-193, Fall.
    4. Daron Acemoglu & Alireza Tahbaz-Salehi, 2020. "Firms, Failures, and Fluctuations: The Macroeconomics of Supply Chain Disruptions," NBER Working Papers 27565, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Global value chains; Shock; Infection; Covid-19; Transmission; Transmit; Linkage;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F62 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Macroeconomic Impacts
    • L24 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Contracting Out; Joint Ventures

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