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Supply Chain Risk: Changes in Supplier Composition and Vertical Integration

Author

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  • Ersahin, Nuri
  • Giannetti, Mariassunta
  • Huang, Ruidi

Abstract

Using textual analysis of earnings conference calls, we quantify firm level risk arising from the reliability of the supply chain from 2002 to 2020. Our proxy for perceived supply chain risk exhibits cross-sectional and time-series variation that aligns with reasonable priors and is unprecedently high following the Covid-19 pandemic. We find that firms that face higher supply chain risk establish relationships with closer and domestic suppliers and with suppliers that are industry leaders. In addition, firms that do not face financial constraints are more likely to engage in vertical mergers and acquisitions when they face supply chain risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Ersahin, Nuri & Giannetti, Mariassunta & Huang, Ruidi, 2022. "Supply Chain Risk: Changes in Supplier Composition and Vertical Integration," CEPR Discussion Papers 17208, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:17208
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    2. Yang, Lanyong & Zhu, Yongguang & Li, Junhui & Dou, Shiquan & Liu, Gang & Xu, Deyi, 2025. "The midstream amplifier: Risk spillovers in China's lithium supply chain from mining to batteries," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    3. Sun, Qian & Zhang, Wenyu & Cheng, Xiaoke & Ni, Bangling & Fu, Xiangfei, 2025. "Does supply chain vertical integration reduce corporate debt financing costs?☆," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    4. Fan, Liwei & Sun, Yuan & Wu, Tung-Ju, 2025. "Is climate policy uncertainty an angel or a devil? Empirical evidence from corporate digital transformation," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    5. Yiding Wu & Qing Liu & Qiming Guo, 2025. "Can Vertical Mergers and Acquisitions of Renewable Energy Enterprises Enhance Supply Chain Resilience?—Empirical Verification Based on Multi-Period Difference-in-Differences Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-21, April.
    6. Ersahin, Nuri & Giannetti, Mariassunta & Huang, Ruidi, 2024. "Trade credit and the stability of supply chains," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    7. Yu, Haipeng & Cheng, Xiaoke & Sun, Qian & Shen, Xiaotian, 2025. "Does vertical integration reduce the cost of equity?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    8. Graziano, Alejandro G. & Handley, Kyle & Limão, Nuno, 2024. "An import(ant) price of Brexit uncertainty," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    9. Pei Yu & Yilan Chen & Yumiao Zhao, 2025. "Overcoming the ESG Voids at Home: Supplier ESG Performance and the Internationalization of Emerging Market Multinational Enterprises," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 65(2), pages 359-395, April.
    10. Fahr, Stephan & Senner, Richard & Vismara, Andrea, 2024. "The globalization of climate change: amplification of climate-related physical risks through input-output linkages," Working Paper Series 2942, European Central Bank.
    11. Ignacia Cuevas & Thomas Bourany & Gustavo González, 2024. "Supply Chain Uncertainty and Diversification," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 1018, Central Bank of Chile.
    12. Hao, Ying & Hu, Dan & Huang, Lixin & Yin, Ziqi, 2025. "The impact of supply chain international embedment on ESG performance: Evidence from China," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 104(PA).
    13. Koetter, Michael & Nguyen, Huyen & Uzonwanne, Sochima, 2025. "Supply chain disruptions and firm outcomes," IWH Discussion Papers 3/2025, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH).
    14. Baratte, Gabriel & Fontagné, Lionel & Lafrogne-Joussier, Raphaël, 2025. "Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    15. Laura Alfaro & Mariya Brussevich & Camelia Minoiu & Andrea F. Presbitero, 2025. "Bank Financing of Global Supply Chains," NBER Working Papers 33754, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Qianru Zhuo & Libin Qin & Wei Liu & Ying Liu & Jiaxing You, 2024. "Supply chain risks and geographical supplier distribution strategy," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 64(4), pages 3841-3881, December.
    17. Sun, Han & Wang, Man, 2025. "How do firms respond to competition? Evidence from vertical integration," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    18. Shi, Huaan & Abedin, Mohammad Zoynul & Ma, Xiaowei & Lucey, Brian, 2025. "Customer spillover effects of corporate social responsibility and supply chain sustainability," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    19. Baratte, Gabriel & Fontagné, Lionel & Lafrogne-Joussier, Raphaël, 2025. "Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    20. Luo, Changyuan & Wang, Ning, 2025. "U.S.-China trade frictions and supply chain reconstruction: Perspective from indirect links," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • G31 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance

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