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A Survey of US and International Financial Regulation Architecture

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  • Rashid, Muhammad Mustafa

Abstract

Since the late 18th century and the signing of the National Bank Act, the creation of the Federal Reserve System in 1913, the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in 1971 and the Asian crises in 1997-98, financial Institutions had already become one of the most heavily regulated of all business in the modern business world. Increase in Regulation occurred after the 2000-2006 subprime crises and the 2007-2009 crises with the creation of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection passed in July 2010 emphasizing financial stability although most of the structure was based on the regulatory solutions of the 1930’s and the New Deal. The euro crises have further raised questions about financial architecture in the euro zone. Furthermore, the increase in innovation, the shadow banking system and recent political pressure towards deregulation, it has proved hard for the financial regulations to keep up and hence even though at the present moment point time the system seems to be holding up, the long-term direction of the financial regulatory system is uncertain.

Suggested Citation

  • Rashid, Muhammad Mustafa, 2019. "A Survey of US and International Financial Regulation Architecture," MPRA Paper 93447, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:93447
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    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/93447/1/MPRA_paper_93447.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maurice Obstfeld, 2013. "Crises and the International System," International Economic Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(2), pages 143-155, June.
    2. Muhammad RASHID, 2018. "Successes and Drawbacks of the Federal Reserve and the Impact on Financial Markets," Journal of Advanced Studies in Finance, ASERS Publishing, vol. 9(2), pages 56-59.
    3. Daniel K. Tarullo, 2019. "Financial Regulation: Still Unsettled a Decade after the Crisis," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 33(1), pages 61-80, Winter.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Rashid, Muhammad Mustafa, 2017. "King, Fuller and Dworkin on Natural Law and Hard Cases," MPRA Paper 100958, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 19 May 2020.
    2. Rashid, Muhammad Mustafa, 2020. "Case Analysis: Enron; Ethics, Social Responsibility, and Ethical Accounting as Inferior Goods?," MPRA Paper 98441, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Rashid, Muhammad Mustafa, 2019. "International Financial Credit Crises; Lessons from Canada," MPRA Paper 94657, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Financial Economics; Financial Markets; Financial Institutions and Services; Corporate Finance and Governance; Government Policy and Regulation.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G38 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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