Въпроси На Конкурентоспособността На Земеделските Стопанства На България[Issues of the competitiveness of the agricultural holdings of Bulgaria]

A holistic approach for understanding, evaluating and improving the competitiveness of agricultural holdings in Bulgaria has been refined and applied. A multi-criteria assessment of the competitiveness of farms of different types is made by using survey information. A multi-criteria assessment of the level of competitiveness of agricultural holdings as a whole and with different types of product specialization was also made by using statistical data and applying the method of principal components. A comparative analysis of the level and dynamics of competitiveness of Bulgarian farms in general and with different specializations for the period 2010-2020 was also carried out. A comparative analysis of the results of the assessment of competitiveness based on survey and statistical data was made and the advantages and disadvantages of the various approaches. An assessment was made of the level and factors of competitiveness of agricultural holdings with organic production, the relationships with the main characteristics of the farmer (gender, age, etc.) were established, the most significant factors and political instruments affecting competitiveness were highlighted and the intentions were identified of organic farms in the near future. A model of CPR factor analysis and an index method for measuring competitiveness in the sheep meat sector were applied. The restructuring and diversification of agricultural cooperatives for the period after the country's integration into the EU was analyzed and a comparative assessment was made with other forms of business organizations in agriculture. The multi-criteria evaluation of alternative business models and strategies for managing the agricultural enterprise and risk was carried out, and the factors of the competitiveness of Bulgarian farms were identified. A theoretical analysis of the meso-economic level of management was made, the attitudes of alternative farmers in our country for the use of meso-institutions were established, and the relationship with agrarian competitiveness at the current stage of development of the industry was rethought. The development of agricultural holdings for the period 2007–2020 in the country was analyzed and the development of rural areas and the agrarian sector in the South Central region was compared with the general situation, by means of the Localization Index. The new trends in agricultural marketing (digitalization, intelligent marketing, etc.) are revealed, the impact on the relationship between agricultural producers and end users and the effect on the competitiveness of farms are assessed. An algorithm for the development and implementation of new models for innovative activity of small and medium-sized enterprises in agriculture is proposed, which allows effective management decisions at different levels, quantification of the index for innovative activity and easy adaptation when developing an automated system. General conclusions have been drawn up about the level, trends and factors of competitiveness of Bulgarian farms of different types and recommendations have been made for improving the scientific and evaluation methods, the system for gathering agro-information, public policies, programs and forms of intervention, and of farming strategies to improve competitiveness.