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Finding Eldorado: Slavery and Long-run Development in Colombia

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  • Daron Acemoglu
  • Camilo García-Jimeno
  • James A. Robinson

Abstract

Slavery has been a major institution of labor coercion throughout history. Colonial societies used slavery intensively across the Americas, and slavery remained prevalent in most countries after independence from the European powers. We investigate the impact of slavery on long-run development in Colombia. Our identification strategy compares municipalities that had gold mines during the 17th and 18th centuries to neighboring municipalities without gold mines. Gold mining was a major source of demand for slave labor during colonial times, and all colonial gold mines are now depleted. We find that the historical presence of slavery is associated with increased poverty and reduced school enrollment, vaccination coverage and public good provision. We also find that slavery is associated with higher contemporary land inequality.

Suggested Citation

  • Daron Acemoglu & Camilo García-Jimeno & James A. Robinson, 2012. "Finding Eldorado: Slavery and Long-run Development in Colombia," NBER Working Papers 18177, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:18177
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H41 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Public Goods
    • N96 - Economic History - - Regional and Urban History - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General
    • O54 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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