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Firm survival and gender of firm owner in times of COVID-19 Evidence from 10 European countries

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  • Joachim Wagner

    (Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre)

Abstract

This paper uses firm level data from the World Bank Enterprise surveys conducted in 2019 and from the COVID-19 follow-up surveys conducted in 2020 in ten European countries to investigate the link between the gender of the firm’s owner and firm survival until 2020.The estimated effect of female ownership is positive ceteris paribus after controlling for various firm characteristics that are known to be related to survival. Furthermore, the size of this estimated effect can be considered to be large on average. Having a female owner helped firms to survive.

Suggested Citation

  • Joachim Wagner, 2022. "Firm survival and gender of firm owner in times of COVID-19 Evidence from 10 European countries," Working Paper Series in Economics 409, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:lue:wpaper:409
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Joachim Wagner, 2016. "Exports, Imports and Firm Survival: First Evidence for Manufacturing Enterprises in Germany," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Microeconometrics of International Trade, chapter 10, pages 341-367, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    2. Elena Cefis & Orietta Marsili, 2005. "A matter of life and death: innovation and firm survival," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 14(6), pages 1167-1192, December.
    3. Joachim Wagner, 2016. "Exports and Productivity: A Survey of the Evidence from Firm Level Data," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Microeconometrics of International Trade, chapter 1, pages 3-41, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    4. Joachim Wagner, 2021. "With a little help from my website. Firm survival and web presence in times of COVID-19 – Evidence from 10 European countries," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 41(3), pages 1898-1906.
    5. Daniel Fackler & Claus Schnabel & Joachim Wagner, 2013. "Establishment exits in Germany: the role of size and age," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 41(3), pages 683-700, October.
    6. Joachim Wagner, 2016. "International Trade and Firm Performance: A Survey of Empirical Studies since 2006," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Microeconometrics of International Trade, chapter 2, pages 43-87, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    7. Joachim Wagner & John Philipp Weche Gelübcke, 2012. "Foreign Ownership and Firm Survival: First Evidence for Enterprises in Germany," International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 132, pages 117-139.
    8. John Baldwin & Beiling Yan, 2011. "The death of Canadian manufacturing plants: heterogeneous responses to changes in tariffs and real exchange rates," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 147(1), pages 131-167, April.
    9. Joachim Wagner, 2021. "With a little help from my website Firm survival and web presence in times of COVID-19 – Evidence from 10 European countries," Working Paper Series in Economics 399, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    10. Fariñas, Jose C. & Ruano, Sonia, 2005. "Firm productivity, heterogeneity, sunk costs and market selection," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 23(7-8), pages 505-534, September.
    11. David B. Audretsch, 1995. "Innovation and Industry Evolution," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262011468, December.
    12. Hopenhayn, Hugo A, 1992. "Entry, Exit, and Firm Dynamics in Long Run Equilibrium," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 60(5), pages 1127-1150, September.
    13. Waldkirch, Andreas, 2021. "Firms around the World during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 36(1), pages 3-19.
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    Cited by:

    1. Joachim Wagner, 2023. "Exports and firm survival in times of COVID-19 – Evidence from eight European countries," Working Paper Series in Economics 422, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics.
    2. Janzen, Benedikt & Radulescu, Doina, 2022. "Effects of COVID-19 related government response stringency and support policies: Evidence from European firms," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 129-145.
    3. Wagner, Joachim, 2023. "Exports and firm survival in times of COVID-19: Evidence from eight European countries," KCG Working Papers 29, Kiel Centre for Globalization (KCG).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gender; female owned firms; firm survival; COVID-19; World Bank Enterprise Surveys;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • L20 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - General
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
    • L29 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Other

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