IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/keo/dpaper/2025-001.html

Role of Pharmacists in Generic Pharmaceutical Adoption

Author

Listed:
  • Haruo Kakehi

    (Graduate School of Economics, Keio University)

  • Ryo Nakajima

    (Faculty of Economics)

Abstract

This study shows how consumers’ brand preferences are related to professional experts’ behavior by investigating the role of pharmacists. Although the literature suggests that consumers are more willing to pay for brand-name products, our data reveal a puzzling scenario: some patients continue to choose nonbrand generic alternatives even when a brand-identical option (authorized generic) is available at the same price. We model both patients’ demand and pharmacies’ drug adoption decisions and demonstrate substantial variation in brand preferences across pharmacies using Japanese pharmacists’ dispensing data. Furthermore, our results indicate that differences in pharmacists’ medical management are important in shaping these preferences.

Suggested Citation

  • Haruo Kakehi & Ryo Nakajima, 2025. "Role of Pharmacists in Generic Pharmaceutical Adoption," Keio-IES Discussion Paper Series 2025-001, Institute for Economics Studies, Keio University.
  • Handle: RePEc:keo:dpaper:2025-001
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ies.keio.ac.jp/upload/DP2025-001_EN.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Janssen, Aljoscha & Granlund, David, 2023. "The importance of the first generic substitution: Evidence from Sweden," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 1-25.
    2. Bart J. Bronnenberg & Jean-Pierre Dubé & Matthew Gentzkow & Jesse M. Shapiro, 2015. "Do Pharmacists Buy Bayer? Informed Shoppers and the Brand Premium," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 130(4), pages 1669-1726.
    3. Daniel Bennett & Wesley Yin, 2019. "The Market for High-Quality Medicine: Retail Chain Entry and Drug Quality in India," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 101(1), pages 76-90, March.
    4. Aljoscha Janssen, 2023. "Generic and Branded Pharmaceutical Pricing: Competition Under Switching Costs," The Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 133(653), pages 1937-1967.
    5. Silvia Appelt, 2015. "Authorized Generic Entry prior to Patent Expiry: Reassessing Incentives for Independent Generic Entry," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 97(3), pages 654-666, July.
    6. Lemieux, Thomas, 1998. "Estimating the Effects of Unions on Wage Inequality in a Panel Data Model with Comparative Advantage and Nonrandom Selection," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 16(2), pages 261-291, April.
    7. James Heckman & Edward Vytlacil, 1998. "Instrumental Variables Methods for the Correlated Random Coefficient Model: Estimating the Average Rate of Return to Schooling When the Return is Correlated with Schooling," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 33(4), pages 974-987.
    8. Juan Pablo Atal & José Ignacio Cuesta & Felipe González & Cristóbal Otero, 2024. "The Economics of the Public Option: Evidence from Local Pharmaceutical Markets," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 114(3), pages 615-644, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Haruo Kakehi & Ryo Nakajima, 2024. "Role of Pharmacists in Generic Pharmaceutical Adoption," Keio-IES Discussion Paper Series 2024-015, Institute for Economics Studies, Keio University.
    2. Janssen, Aljoscha & Granlund, David, 2023. "The importance of the first generic substitution: Evidence from Sweden," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 1-25.
    3. Lu Yao & Mengde Liu, 2025. "Strategic behavior and entry deterrence by branded drug firms: the case of authorized generic drugs," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 26(4), pages 561-575, June.
    4. Shen, Menghan & Liang, Xiaoxia & Wu, Han, 2025. "The impact of bioequivalence regulation on pharmaceutical firm outcomes: Evidence from China," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 380(C).
    5. Juan Pablo Atal & José Ignacio Cuesta & Felipe González & Cristóbal Otero, 2024. "The Economics of the Public Option: Evidence from Local Pharmaceutical Markets," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 114(3), pages 615-644, March.
    6. repec:osf:osfxxx:pjvgd_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Hunt, Jennifer & Laszlo, Sonia, 2005. "Bribery: Who Pays, Who Refuses, What are the Payoffs?," CEPR Discussion Papers 5251, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    8. Gordon Dahl, 2010. "Early teen marriage and future poverty," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 47(3), pages 689-718, August.
    9. Joseph G. Altonji & Rosa L. Matzkin, 2001. "Panel Data Estimators for Nonseparable Models with Endogenous Regressors," NBER Technical Working Papers 0267, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Kocourek, Pavel & Steiner, Jakub & Stewart, Colin, 2024. "Boundedly rational demand," Theoretical Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 19(4), November.
    11. Toikka, Max & Saxell, Tanja & Siikanen, Markku, 2026. "Labor Market Effects of Private Provider Entry in Social and Health Services," Working Papers 184, VATT Institute for Economic Research.
    12. Adam Levai & Riccardo Turati, 2021. "The Impact of Immigration on Workers’ Protection," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 2021021, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES), revised 07 Sep 2021.
    13. Ajay Bhaskarabhatla & Priyatam Anurag & Chirantan Chatterjee & Enrico Pennings, 2021. "How Does Regulation Impact Strategic Repositioning by Firms Across Submarkets? Evidence from the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry," Strategy Science, INFORMS, vol. 6(3), pages 209-227, September.
    14. Lídia Farré & Roger Klein & Francis Vella, 2013. "A parametric control function approach to estimating the returns to schooling in the absence of exclusion restrictions: an application to the NLSY," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 111-133, February.
    15. Pablo Blanchard & Sebastián Fleitas & Rodrigo González Valdenegro, 2026. "Regulation by Public Options : Evidence from Pension Funds," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 03-26, Instituto de Economía - IECON.
    16. Aakvik, Arild & Salvanes, Kjell G. & Vaage, Kjell, 2003. "Measuring Heterogeneity in the Returns to Education in Norway Using Educational Reforms," IZA Discussion Papers 815, IZA Network @ LISER.
    17. Donna Brown & Peter Ingram & Jonathan Wadsworth, 2004. "Everyone's A Winner? Union Effects on Persistence in Private Sector Wage Settlements: Longitudinal Evidence from Britain," School of Economics Discussion Papers 1104, School of Economics, University of Surrey.
    18. Chen, Xu & Li, Shanshan & Wang, Xiaojun, 2020. "Evaluating the effects of quality regulations on the pharmaceutical supply chain," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    19. Kaplan, Greg & Schulhofer-Wohl, Sam, 2017. "Inflation at the household level," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 19-38.
    20. Christian Belzil, 2008. "Testing the Specification of the Mincer Wage Equation," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 91-92, pages 427-451.
    21. Levin-Waldman, Oren M., 2008. "Characteristics of cities that pass living wage ordinances: Are certain conditions more conducive than others?," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 2201-2213, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • I11 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Analysis of Health Care Markets
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • L65 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology; Plastics

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:keo:dpaper:2025-001. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Institute for Economics Studies, Keio University (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/iekeijp.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.