IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/iza/izadps/dp16992.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

The Adoption of ChatGPT

Author

Listed:
  • Humlum, Anders

    (University of Chicago Booth School of Business)

  • Vestergaard, Emilie

    (University of Copenhagen)

Abstract

We study the adoption of ChatGPT, the icon of Generative AI, using a large-scale survey experiment linked to comprehensive register data in Denmark. Surveying 100,000 workers from 11 exposed occupations, we document ChatGPT is pervasive: half of workers have used it, with younger, less experienced, higher-achieving, and especially male workers leading the curve. Why have some workers adopted ChatGPT, and others not? Workers see a substantial productivity potential in ChatGPT but are often hindered by employer restrictions and required training. Informing workers about expert assessments of ChatGPT shifts workers' beliefs and intentions but has limited impacts on actual adoption.

Suggested Citation

  • Humlum, Anders & Vestergaard, Emilie, 2024. "The Adoption of ChatGPT," IZA Discussion Papers 16992, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp16992
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://docs.iza.org/dp16992.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Paul E. Soto, 2025. "Research in Commotion: Measuring AI Research and Development through Conference Call Transcripts," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2025-011, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    2. Fabian Kosse & Tim Leffler & Arna Woemmel, 2025. "Digital Skills: Social Disparities and the Impact of Early Mentoring," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 1222, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    3. Christoph Riedl & Eric Bogert, 2024. "Effects of AI Feedback on Learning, the Skill Gap, and Intellectual Diversity," Papers 2409.18660, arXiv.org.
    4. Cathy Yang & David Restrepo Amariles & Leo Allen & Aurore Troussel, 2025. "GPT Adoption and the Impact of Disclosure Policies," Papers 2504.01566, arXiv.org.
    5. Benjamin G. Hyman & Benjamin Lahey & Karen Ni & Laura Pilossoph, 2025. "How Retrainable are AI-Exposed Workers?," NBER Working Papers 34174, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Yan Liu & He Wang, 2024. "Who on Earth Is Using Generative AI ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10870, The World Bank.
    7. Nikolaos Askitas, 2025. "The Behavioral Signature of GenAI in Scientific Communication," CESifo Working Paper Series 12069, CESifo.
    8. Yaser Hasan Al-Mamary & Adel Abdulmohsen Alfalah & Mohammad Mulayh Alshammari & Aliyu Alhaji Abubakar, 2024. "Exploring factors influencing university students’ intentions to use ChatGPT: analysing task-technology fit theory to enhance behavioural intentions in higher education," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 1-17, December.
    9. Fabian Kosse & Tim Leffler & Arna Woemmel, 2024. "Digital Skills: Social Disparities and the Impact of Early Mentoring," CESifo Working Paper Series 11570, CESifo.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp16992. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Holger Hinte (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/izaaade.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.