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Optimización de carteras multi-divisa por inversionistas soberanos

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Abstract

El trabajo ofrece una metodología simple y accesible a administradores de portafolios multi-moneda interesados en minimizar su exposición al riesgo cambiario. Cuando dichos administradores ejecutan mandatos de sus bancos centrales o fondos soberanos, sus decisiones tienen consecuencias sobre las posiciones de patrimonio, solvencia y liquidez a nivel agregado. Se examina la literatura en optimización multimoneda y se discute la elección del numerario adecuado según los usos y los usuarios a que esté dirigida la información sobre portafolios de reservas de divisas. En una ilustración para Chile, se ofrecen los resultados de aplicar un algoritmo de minimización de riesgo. La metodología se aplica a un universo de nueve monedas de reserva transadas internacionalmente. Estas e prueban para la construcción de carteras con tres numerarios distintos: la moneda local en términos reales, la canasta representada en los Derechos Especiales de Giro del FMI y, el Franco Suizo como referente independiente de valor. Los resultados vindican la utilidad de diversificar hacia monedas de reserva algo menos líquidas. En particular, los dólares Australiano y Canadiense muestran aportar a la estabilidad de los retornos en las carteras de inversión, cualquiera sea el numerario utilizado. Por otra parte, más allá de sus atributos de liquidez, la presencia del dólar norteamericano no exhibe contribución alguna a la mejora del perfil riesgo-retorno de una domiciliada en Chile. En cambio, el dólar de los EEUU aparece contribuyendo a minimizar volatilidad, solo y precisamente en un período en que el Banco Central actúa interviniendo la paridad en el mercado local.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Foxley, 2011. "Optimización de carteras multi-divisa por inversionistas soberanos," ILADES-UAH Working Papers inv268, Universidad Alberto Hurtado/School of Economics and Business.
  • Handle: RePEc:ila:ilades:inv268
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    1. Eichengreen, Barry & Mathieson, Donald J., "undated". "The Currency Composition of Foreign Exchange Reserves Retrospect and Prospect," WIDER Working Papers 295509, United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
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