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L'encastrement social des pratiques de gestion : le cas de la relation d'emprunt pour les PME

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  • Robert Paturel

    (ICI - Laboratoire Information, Coordination, Incitations - UEB - Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany - UBO - Université de Brest - Télécom Bretagne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IBSHS - Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société - UBO - Université de Brest)

  • Stéphane Foliard

    (COACTIS - COnception de l'ACTIon en Situation - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne)

  • Mazen Gharsalli

    (ICI - Laboratoire Information, Coordination, Incitations - UEB - Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany - UBO - Université de Brest - Télécom Bretagne - IMT - Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] - IBSHS - Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société - UBO - Université de Brest)

Abstract

L'objectif de cet article est de proposer une nouvelle approche de la relation d'emprunt qui va au-delà de la définition marchande souvent retenue pour la mesurer. Il s'agit d'introduire les interactions sociales pour rendre compte de la confiance et de la transparence qu'elles peuvent générer. En ce sens, la théorie d'encastrement social (Granovetter, 1985) suggère que des transactions économiques " embedded " dans des liens sociaux ont des conséquences bénéfiques pour les firmes cherchant à combler leur besoin de financement (confiance, accès à l'information, meilleure gouvernance). En l'occurrence, la relation bancaire étant encastrée dans des liens sociaux suppose une relation de confiance personnalisée et durable. Elle implique un processus mutuel de compréhension susceptible d'instaurer un système de gouvernance spécifique à chaque cas (Portes et Sensenbrenner, 1993 ; DiMaggio et Louch, 1998). Cette gouvernance est basée sur un ensemble de " protocoles " acquis via les liens sociaux, qui sont susceptibles d'instaurer un " climat " de confiance mutuel où les deux parties cherchent à s'engager pour un intérêt commun, loin des comportements opportunistes (Uzzi, 1997). Les relations d'encastrement social paraissent donc comme une solution efficace aux problèmes d'agence et d'asymétrie d'information, longtemps non résolus par les relations marchandes.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Paturel & Stéphane Foliard & Mazen Gharsalli, 2010. "L'encastrement social des pratiques de gestion : le cas de la relation d'emprunt pour les PME," Post-Print halshs-00765074, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00765074
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00765074
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    References listed on IDEAS

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