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Approche expérimentale de l'incidence de la fiscalité sur l'offre de travail : une étude comparative des systèmes d'imposition

Author

Listed:
  • David Masclet

    (CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CIRANO - Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en analyse des organisations - UQAM - Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal)

  • Claude Montmarquette

    (CIRANO - Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en analyse des organisations - UQAM - Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal, Université de Montréal - Département de Sciences Economique - UdeM - Université de Montréal)

Abstract

[fre] Si la fiscalité est indispensable pour assurer le bon fonctionnement de l’État, elle peut toutefois faire peser un certain nombre de menaces sur les performances de l’économie et, dans une certaine mesure, décourager l’offre de travail des individus. L’enjeu de cet article est de savoir si l’incidence fiscale sur l’offre de travail et sur les rentrées fiscales est identique selon le système d’imposition en vigueur. Ainsi, un système progressif décourage-t-il davantage l’offre de travail qu’un système proportionnel ? Quel système de taxation permet à l’État de remplir au mieux son rôle redistributif ? Afin de répondre à ces questions, l’approche mobilisée est l’économie expérimentale. Trois traitements ont été réalisés. Dans un premier traitement, les participants doivent réaliser un effort réel sous un système d'imposition proportionnel. Dans un second traitement, le système d’imposition en vigueur est un système progressif. Enfin dans un troisième traitement, les participants sont confrontés successivement à plusieurs systèmes d’imposition. Ce dernier traitement permet d’étudier l’incidence de changement de système sur les décisions individuelles. Nos résultats expérimentaux montrent, sans aucune ambiguïté, que les effets désincitatifs sur l’offre de travail sont plus importants sous un système progressif que sous un système proportionnel. Enfin, un autre résultat intéressant de notre étude est que les individus ne sont pas uniquement influencés par leur propre système fiscal mais également par leurs expériences fiscales précédentes. [eng] While taxation is essential to ensure the proper functioning of the State, it can pose threats to economic performance and – to some extent – discourage individuals from supplying labor. This article examines whether different tax systems have an identical incidence on labor supply and tax revenues. For instance, does a progressive system discourage labor supply more than a proportional system ? Which tax system allows the
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

Suggested Citation

  • David Masclet & Claude Montmarquette, 2008. "Approche expérimentale de l'incidence de la fiscalité sur l'offre de travail : une étude comparative des systèmes d'imposition," Post-Print halshs-00294694, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00294694
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    fiscalité; économie expérimentale; offre de travail;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C91 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
    • H30 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - General
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

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