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Program Impact Pathway Analysis Reveals Implementation Challenges that Limited the Incentive Value of Conditional Cash Transfers Aimed at Improving Maternal and Child Health Care Use in Mali

Author

Listed:
  • Agnes Le Port
  • Amanda Zongrone
  • Mathilde Savy

    (NutriPass - Nutrition et Alimentation des Populations aux Suds - UM1 - Université Montpellier 1 - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UM2 - Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques - UM - Université de Montpellier - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier)

  • Sonia Fortin

    (NutriPass - Nutrition et Alimentation des Populations aux Suds - UM1 - Université Montpellier 1 - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UM2 - Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques - UM - Université de Montpellier - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier)

  • Yves Kameli

    (NutriPass - Nutrition et Alimentation des Populations aux Suds - UM1 - Université Montpellier 1 - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UM2 - Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques - UM - Université de Montpellier - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier)

  • Eric Sessou
  • Ampa Dogui Diatta
  • Jean-Louis Koulidiati
  • Niamké Ezoua Kodjo
  • Fainke Kamayera
  • Tanimoune Mahamadou
  • Yves Martin-Prevel

    (NutriPass - Nutrition et Alimentation des Populations aux Suds - UM1 - Université Montpellier 1 - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UM2 - Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques - UM - Université de Montpellier - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier)

  • Marie T Ruel

    (IFPRI - International Food Policy Research Institute [Washington] - CGIAR - Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR])

Abstract

Background The program "Santé Nutritionnelle à Assise Communautaire à Kayes" (SNACK) in Mali aimed to improve child linear growth through a set of interventions targeted to mothers and children during pregnancy and up to the child's second birthday. Distributions of cash to mothers and/or lipid-based nutrient supplement to children 6–23 mo of age were added to SNACK to increase attendance at community health centers (CHCs). Objectives The aim of this study, which was embedded in a cluster-randomized impact evaluation of the program, was to assess the incentive value of the cash in relation to CHC attendance. Methods We used a mixed-methods approach. We collected quantitative data on cash receipt and CHC attendance in a midline survey of mother–child pairs (n = 3443). A program impact pathway analysis guided qualitative data collection and analysis. Twelve CHCs were purposively selected in study groups that received cash. We conducted semistructured continuous observations of cash distributions in 11 CHCs (n = 22) and semistructured qualitative interviews with frontline workers (FLWs) (n = 71) and mothers (n = 22) who were purposively selected from the midline survey. Results FLWs' knowledge of the objective and implementation plan of the cash program component was limited. A challenging physical environment and insufficient cash available for each distribution were identified as causes of irregularities in cash distributions. Most mothers mentioned having to return several times to receive their cash. Child health was identified as the main motivation to attend CHCs and cash was described as an additional benefit. Conclusion Implementation constraints related to remoteness and inaccessibility may have undermined the incentive value of the cash transfers in the SNACK program. Additional research is needed to identify interventions that not only incentivize mothers to participate but that can be implemented effectively and with high quality in challenging contexts such as rural areas of Mali.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnes Le Port & Amanda Zongrone & Mathilde Savy & Sonia Fortin & Yves Kameli & Eric Sessou & Ampa Dogui Diatta & Jean-Louis Koulidiati & Niamké Ezoua Kodjo & Fainke Kamayera & Tanimoune Mahamadou & Yv, 2019. "Program Impact Pathway Analysis Reveals Implementation Challenges that Limited the Incentive Value of Conditional Cash Transfers Aimed at Improving Maternal and Child Health Care Use in Mali," Post-Print hal-03740538, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03740538
    DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz084
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-03740538v1
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    1. Habicht, Jean-Pierre & Kim, Sunny S. & Menon, Purnima & Stoltzfus, Rebecca J., 2011. "How do programs work to improve child nutrition?: Program impact pathways of three nongovernmental organization intervention projects in the Peruvian highlands," IFPRI discussion papers 1105, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    2. nan, 2010. "Conditional Cash Transfers in Latin America," IFPRI books, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), number 978-0-8018-9498-5 edited by Adato, Michelle; Hoddinott, John.
    3. Aline Coudouel & Kathleen Beegle & Emma Monsalve, 2018. "Realizing the Full Potential of Social Safety Nets in Africa [Les filets sociaux en Afrique comment realiser pleinement leur potential?]," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 29789, August.
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