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L'avenir de l'Europe : l'ambition d'un autre contrat social

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  • Jean-Paul Fitoussi

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract

L'ambition de l'Europe sociale, malgré les discours, est en voie de redéfinition, pour mieux satisfaire des critères d'efficacité et d'adaptation à la mondialisation. Cet article montre que le programme consensuel qui émerge des conférences européennes, même s'il tente de prendre aussi en compte les exigences de la cohésion sociale, est davantage adapté à la période de turbulences que l'Europe a traversée dans les deux dernières décennies qu'à la période qui s'ouvre devant nous. Nous abordons trop souvent nos réflexions sur l'avenir avec des réflexes hérités des temps de crise. Or les conditions de la croissance européenne ont radicalement changé sous l'effet d'une part de l'adaptation des acteurs depuis la " fin de l'inflation " -- notamment des salariés -- et d'autre part de la création de l'euro. Les défis que l'Europe doit affronter pour l'avenir -- la mondialisation, la " révolution " technologique -- représentent, compte tenu de ces conditions nouvelles, autant d'opportunités. Il est d'autres critères possibles pour évaluer la réforme structurelle que celui de la seule efficacité. Mais l'Europe reste confrontée à un problème de souveraineté qui constitue sa principale faiblesse, et qui l'empêche de s'engager dans des réformes structurelles de plus grande ambition.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Paul Fitoussi, 2000. "L'avenir de l'Europe : l'ambition d'un autre contrat social," Post-Print hal-01011363, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01011363
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.2000.1631
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-01011363
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    Cited by:

    1. Catherine Mathieu & Henri Sterdyniak, 2008. "Le modèle social européen et l'Europe sociale," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(1), pages 43-103.
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    JEL classification:

    • F02 - International Economics - - General - - - International Economic Order and Integration

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