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Confiance en soi et choix d’orientation sur Parcoursup : Enseignements d’une intervention randomisée

Author

Listed:
  • Camille Terrier

    (QMUL - Queen Mary University of London, IPP - Institut des politiques publiques)

  • Rustamdjan Hakimov

    (HEC Lausanne - Faculté des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Lausanne))

  • Renke Schmacker

    (HEC Lausanne - Faculté des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Lausanne))

Abstract

Il existe de fortes inégalités d'accès à l'enseignement supérieur aujourd'hui en France. En particulier, l'accès aux formations prestigieuses et aux professions les mieux payées varie considérablement selon le genre et l'origine sociale. Cette note s'intéresse à un facteur potentiellement clé dans les choix d'orientation des lycéens : leur niveau de confiance en soi. Présentation Pour étudier le rôle joué par la confiance, cette étude aborde trois questions. 1- Existe-t-il des écarts de confiance en soi en fonction du genre et de l'origine sociale des élèves ? 2- Quel est l'impact de ces écarts de confiance sur les candidatures et admissions dans l'enseignement supérieur ? 3- Une intervention qui vise à corriger le manque ou l'excès de confiance peut-elle réduire le rôle joué par la confiance en soi dans les candidatures et admissions dans l'enseignement supérieur, et in fine les inégalités selon l'origine sociale et le genre ? Résultats clés - Parmi les meilleurs élèves, les filles et les élèves d'origine sociale défavorisée ont nettement moins confiance en eux que les garçons et les élèves d'origine sociale favorisée. - La confiance en soi des élèves est fortement associée avec la sélectivité des formations auxquelles les élèves se portent candidats, et avec la probabilité qu'ils postulent à une CPGE. - Une intervention simple qui informe les élèves sur leur position dans la distribution des notes annule entièrement le rôle joué par la confiance dans les choix d'orientation. - L'intervention comble 95 % de l'écart initial dans la probabilité d'admission en CPGE entre élèves d'origine sociale favorisée et défavorisée, et 72 % de l'écart entre filles et garçons.

Suggested Citation

  • Camille Terrier & Rustamdjan Hakimov & Renke Schmacker, 2023. "Confiance en soi et choix d’orientation sur Parcoursup : Enseignements d’une intervention randomisée," Institut des Politiques Publiques halshs-04164914, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:ipppap:halshs-04164914
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-04164914
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