IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/fip/fedacd/99387.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Leading, Lagging, and Left Behind: Identifying Metropolitan Leaders and Labor Market Outcomes

Author

Listed:
  • Stuart Andreason

Abstract

From 1990 to 2010, the United States underwent significant changes in the makeup of the population and its educational attainment. During the period, bachelor’s degree or higher attainment proportions rose significantly—7.9 percentage points—from 20.3 percent in 1990 to 28.2 percent in 2010. This growth happened unevenly, though. Of 283 metropolitan areas, only 78 were above the 7.9 percentage point increase, suggesting much more concentrated growth than would be expected if growth were experienced evenly. This paper documents the concentration of growth and examines four labor market outcomes in the 78 “leader metros.” Unexpectedly, labor market outcomes are not even or common across these metros, suggesting that growth in the proportion of the population holding a BA or higher degree will have different effects depending on local conditions. It also suggests that increasing BA+ attainment at the population level is not a solution to all labor market challenges equally. The analysis suggests that considering local products and their related demands for labor are important steps in developing human capital–based economic development strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Stuart Andreason, 2015. "Leading, Lagging, and Left Behind: Identifying Metropolitan Leaders and Labor Market Outcomes," FRB Atlanta Community and Economic Development Discussion Paper 2015-04, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedacd:99387
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.atlantafed.org/-/media/documents/community-development/publications/discussion-papers/2015/04-identifying-metropolitan-leaders-labor-market-outcomes-2015-10-21.pdf
    File Function: Full text
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Romer, Paul M, 1986. "Increasing Returns and Long-run Growth," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 94(5), pages 1002-1037, October.
    2. Timothy J. Bartik, 1991. "Who Benefits from State and Local Economic Development Policies?," Books from Upjohn Press, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, number wbsle.
    3. Emmanuel Saez, 2013. "Striking it Richer: The Evolution of Top Incomes in the United States (Updated with 2011 preliminary estimates)," Technical Notes 201301, World Inequality Lab.
    4. Joseph Persky & Daniel Felsenstein & Virginia Carlson, 2004. "Does "Trickle Down" Work? Economic Development and Job Chains in Local Labor Markets," Books from Upjohn Press, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, number dtdw.
    5. Emmanuel Saez, 2013. "Striking it Richer: The Evolution of Top Incomes in the United States (Updated with 2012 preliminary estimates)," Technical Notes 201303, World Inequality Lab.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kartik B. Athreya & Jessica Sackett Romero, 2015. "Land of Opportunity: Economic Mobility in the United States," Economic Quarterly, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, issue 2Q, pages 169-191.
    2. Stuart Andreason, 2015. "Leading, lagging, and left behind: identifying metropolitan leaders and labor market outcomes," FRB Atlanta Community and Economic Development Discussion Paper 2015-4, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    3. Foellmi, Reto & Martínez, Isabel Z., 2014. "Volatile Top Income Shares in Switzerland? Reassessing the Evolution Between 1981 and 2009," CEPR Discussion Papers 10006, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    4. Rajbhandari, Isha & Faggian, Alessandra & Partridge, Mark D., 2022. "Oil and gas boomtowns and occupations: What types of jobs are created?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    5. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/vbu6kd1s68o6r34k5bcm3iopv is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Clément Bellet, 2017. "Essays on inequality, social preferences and consumer behavior [Inégalités, préférences sociales et comportement du consommateur]," SciencePo Working papers Main tel-03455045, HAL.
    7. John M. Abowd & Kevin L. McKinney & Nellie L. Zhao, 2018. "Earnings Inequality and Mobility Trends in the United States: Nationally Representative Estimates from Longitudinally Linked Employer-Employee Data," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 36(S1), pages 183-300.
    8. Stephan J Goetz & Mark D Partridge & Dan S Rickman & Shibalee Majumdar, 2011. "Sharing the Gains of Local Economic Growth: Race-to-the-Top versus Race-to-the-Bottom Economic Development," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 29(3), pages 428-456, June.
    9. Yýlmaz Akyüz, 2014. "Crisis Mismanagement in The United States And Europe: Impact On Developing Countries And Longer-Term Consequences," Working Papers 2014/3, Turkish Economic Association.
    10. Streeck, Wolfgang, 2013. "The politics of public debt: Neoliberalism, capitalist development, and the restructuring of the state," MPIfG Discussion Paper 13/7, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.
    11. Duranton, Gilles & Puga, Diego, 2014. "The Growth of Cities," Handbook of Economic Growth, in: Philippe Aghion & Steven Durlauf (ed.), Handbook of Economic Growth, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 5, pages 781-853, Elsevier.
    12. Hyatt, Henry R. & Spletzer, James R., 2017. "The recent decline of single quarter jobs," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 166-176.
    13. Thomas A Hirschl & Mark R Rank, 2015. "The Life Course Dynamics of Affluence," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, January.
    14. Jean-Philippe Boussemart & Hervé Leleu & Edward Mensah, 2017. "Generation and distribution of the total factor productivity gains in US industries," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(24), pages 2379-2393, May.
    15. Timothy J. Bartik, 2012. "The Future of State and Local Economic Development Policy: What Research Is Needed," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(4), pages 545-562, December.
    16. Eduardo Lora, 2016. "The Path to Labor Formality: Urban Agglomeration and the Emergence of Complex Industries," CID Working Papers 78, Center for International Development at Harvard University.
    17. Michael Manville & David A. King & Michael J. Smart, 2017. "The Driving Downturn: A Preliminary Assessment," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 83(1), pages 42-55, January.
    18. Ernest M. Zampelli & Steven T. Yen, 2021. "Individual Attitudes Toward Government’s Role in Redistributing Income in the United States: Analysis by Ideological Subgroups," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 19(1), pages 115-137, March.
    19. Raymundo M. Campos-Vazquez & Emmanuel Chavez & Gerardo Esquivel, 2017. "Growth is (really) good for the (really) rich," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(12), pages 2639-2675, December.
    20. Bradley K. Hobbs & Mushfiq Swaleheen, 2014. "Entrepreneurial starts: nature or nurture?," Chapters, in: Robert F. Salvino Jr. & Michael T. Tasto & Gregory M. Randolph (ed.), Entrepreneurial Action, Public Policy, and Economic Outcomes, chapter 5, pages 83-99, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    21. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/4m2172qdla9frbe808qonnn40r is not listed on IDEAS
    22. Mark D. Partridge & Dan S. Rickman, 2002. "Did The New Economy Vanquish The Regional Business Cycle?," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 20(4), pages 456-469, October.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    educational attainment; labor markets; inequality; talent attraction and retention; metropolitan areas;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J10 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - General
    • O21 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Planning Models; Planning Policy
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:fip:fedacd:99387. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Rob Sarwark (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/frbatus.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.