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Non-target Markets and Viewer Distinctiveness: The Impact of Target Marketing on Advertising Attitudes

Author

Listed:
  • Aaker, Jennifer L.

    (Stanford U)

  • Brumbaugh, Anne M.

    (Case Western Reserve U)

  • Grier, Sonya A.

    (Stanford U)

Abstract

This research examines the effect of target marketing on members of the advertiser's intended audience as well as members not in the target market: the "non-target market." The results of three experiments show that unfavorable non-target market effects are stronger for members of non-distinctive groups (e.g., Causasian individuals, heterosexual individuals), and that favorable target market effects are stronger fro members of distinctive groups (e.g., Africian-American individuals, homosexual individuals). The results of Experiment 2 demonstrate that the psychological processes by which target and non-target market effects occur differ by viewer group: felt similarity with sources in an advertisement drives target market effects for distinctive viewers, while felt targetedness drives target market effects for non-distinctive viewers. Finally, Experiment 3 shows that these consumer feelings of similarity or targetedness are associated with underlying processes of identification and internalization. Theoretical implications regarding the impact of distinctiveness theory in consumer persuasion effects, and potential social effects of target marketing are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Aaker, Jennifer L. & Brumbaugh, Anne M. & Grier, Sonya A., 2000. "Non-target Markets and Viewer Distinctiveness: The Impact of Target Marketing on Advertising Attitudes," Research Papers 1578, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecl:stabus:1578
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Eisend, Martin & Hermann, Erik, 2020. "Sexual orientation and consumption: Why and when do homosexuals and heterosexuals consume differently?," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 678-696.
    4. Antioco, Michael & Vanhamme, Joëlle & Hardy, Anaïk & Bernardin, Lidwine, 2012. "On the importance of social integration for minority targeting effectiveness," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 380-389.
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    6. Johnson, Guillaume D. & Grier, Sonya A., 2013. "Understanding the influence of cross-cultural Consumer-to-Consumer Interaction on consumer service satisfaction," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(3), pages 306-313.
    7. Xiao Liu & Xiaoyong Zheng, 2024. "The persuasive power of social media influencers in brand credibility and purchase intention," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.
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    9. Alice Audrezet & Béatrice Parguel, 2023. "Unpacking nontarget majority consumers' responses to modest fashion: How market controversy perpetuates marketplace exclusion," Post-Print lirmm-03912092, HAL.
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    11. Renée Otmar & Susanne D. Reventlow & Martha Morrow & Geoffrey C. Nicholson & Mark A. Kotowicz & Julie A. Pasco, 2012. "A Cultural Models Approach to Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment," SAGE Open, , vol. 2(4), pages 21582440124, November.
    12. Grier, Sonya A. & Brumbaugh, Anne M., 2002. "Consumer Distinctiveness and Advertising Persuasion," Research Papers 1735, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
    13. Byun, Kyung-Ah & Hong, JungHwa & William James, Kevin, 2023. "When does a goal-appeal match affect consumer satisfaction? Examining the work and play context," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    14. Larissa M. Sundermann & Silke Boenigk & Jurgen Willems, 2017. "Under blood pressure – differentiated versus undifferentiated marketing to increase blood donations," International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, Springer;International Association of Public and Non-Profit Marketing, vol. 14(3), pages 321-340, September.
    15. Lenoir, A.-S.I.A. & Puntoni, S. & Reed II, A. & Verlegh, P.W.J., 2013. "The Impact of Cultural Symbols and Spokesperson Identity on Attitudes and Intentions," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2013-010-MKT, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    16. Butt, Muhammad Mohsin & de Run, Ernest Cyril, 2011. "Do target and non-target ethnic group adolescents process advertisements differently?," Australasian marketing journal, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 77-84.
    17. Enrica N. Ruggs & Jennifer Ames Stuart & Linyun W. Yang, 2018. "The effect of traditionally marginalized groups in advertising on consumer response," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 29(3), pages 319-335, September.
    18. Fazli-Salehi, Reza & Torres, Ivonne M. & Madadi, Rozbeh & Zúñiga, Miguel Ángel, 2021. "Multicultural advertising: The impact of consumers’ self-concept clarity and materialism on self-brand connection and communal-brand connection," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 46-57.
    19. Barg, Frances K. & Grier, Sonya A., 2008. "Enhancing breast cancer communications: A cultural models approach," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 25(4), pages 335-342.
    20. Xiaobing Xu & Rong Chen, 2016. "The role of a model’s race in influencing Chinese consumers’ product perception," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 15(3), pages 201-225, July.
    21. Azarnoush Ansari & Arash Riasi, 2016. "Taxonomy of Marketing Strategies Using Bank Customers’ Clustering," International Journal of Business and Management, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(7), pages 106-106, June.
    22. Lenoir, Anne-Sophie I. & Puntoni, Stefano & Reed, Americus & Verlegh, Peeter W.J., 2013. "The impact of cultural symbols and spokesperson identity on attitudes and intentions," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 426-428.
    23. Azab, Carol & Clark, Terry, 2017. "Speak my language or look like me? – Language and ethnicity in bilingual customer service recovery," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 57-68.

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