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Evolucion comparada del PIB por habitante, el empleo y la competitividad de USA, Japon y Europa en el siglo XX

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  • Guisan, M.Carmen
  • Exposito, Pilar
  • Cancelo, M.Teresa

Abstract

Analizamos la evolucion de España y algunos de los principales paises europeos en comparacion con Estados Unidos y Japon a lo largo del siglo XX, destacando a partir de la experiencia de los modelos econometricos de crecimiento, desarrollo y competitividad, aquellos factores que han tenido un mayor impacto en las diferentes evoluciones de los paises, en lo que respecta al PIB por habitante, el empleo y la competitividad. Nos referimos a esta en un sentido amplio, en la linea de Krugman, es decir teniendo en cuenta no solo los aspectos relacionados con el comercio exterior sino tambien en la capacidad de alcanzar y mantener un nivel adecuado de desarrollo industrial y eficacia economica. Realizamos un enfasis especial en la diferente evolucion del sector agrario y no agrario, destacando los problemas derivados de que las importantes innovaciones tecnologicas no siempre hayan ido acompañadas del analisis de sus impactos economicos, lo que ha provocado una disminucion en muchos paises del poder adquisitivo de la renta generada en el sector a pesar de fuertes incrementos en la produccion en unidades fisicas. Ello ha repercutido de forma importante en la disminucion del empleo agrario. Por lo que respecta al empleo no agrario destacamos el importante papel impulsor de la industria a traves de las relaciones intersectoriales con otros sectores no agrarios.

Suggested Citation

  • Guisan, M.Carmen & Exposito, Pilar & Cancelo, M.Teresa, 2000. "Evolucion comparada del PIB por habitante, el empleo y la competitividad de USA, Japon y Europa en el siglo XX," Economic Development 44, University of Santiago de Compostela. Faculty of Economics and Business. Econometrics..
    • Handle: RePEc:eaa:ecodev:44
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guisan, M.Carmen & Cancelo, M.Teresa & Exposito, Pilar, 1998. "Financiacion de la investigacion universitaria en los paises de la OCDE," Economic Development 24, University of Santiago de Compostela. Faculty of Economics and Business. Econometrics..
    2. Susanto Basu & Alan M. Taylor, 1999. "Business Cycles in International Historical Perspective," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 13(2), pages 45-68, Spring.
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    1. GUISAN, Maria-Carmen, 2023. "World Development in the 20th century: Evolution and Econometric Model," ESTUDIOS ECONOMICOS EECHAPTER, in: M. Carmen Guisan Seijas (ed.), Education And International Development, 1960-2000: Economic Studies Of Oecd Countries, Latin America, Europe, Africa And Asia,, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 1, pages 5-32, Euro-American Association of Economic Development.
    2. GUISAN, Maria-Carmen & Expósito, Pilar, 2023. "Production by sector in OECD Countries, 1960-2000," ESTUDIOS ECONOMICOS EECHAPTER, in: M. Carmen Guisan Seijas (ed.), Education And International Development, 1960-2000: Economic Studies Of Oecd Countries, Latin America, Europe, Africa And Asia,, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 3, pages 63-74, Euro-American Association of Economic Development.

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