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Análisis y recomendaciones sobre las reformas laboral y pensional

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  • Luis Fernando Mejía

Abstract

El Gobierno nacional ha presentado sus propuestas de reformas en el frente laboral y pensional. Estas dos reformas deben examinarse de forma integral, ya que la muy baja cobertura del sistema obligatorio de pensiones actual (25%) se debe principalmente a la alta informalidad laboral (actualmente en un 58% de la población ocupada). En este sentido, los objetivos de aumentar la cobertura pensional y reducir la informalidad laboral son dos caras de una misma moneda: no será posible mejorar la cobertura en el sistema obligatorio de pensiones si no se hacen esfuerzos para reducir la informalidad laboral. Este documento realiza un análisis de los elementos más importantes de las reformas laboral y pensional, considerando sus impactos, aspectos positivos y negativos, y presenta recomendaciones específicas que podrían mejorar sustancialmente la eficiencia y eficacia de los resultados que se pretenden alcanzar con las reformas.****** Abstract: The national government has put forth proposals for comprehensive labor and pension reforms. These reforms need to be considered together, as the low coverage of the current mandatory pension system (25%) is primarily due to the high prevalence of labor informality (currently at 58% among the employed population). Therefore, the objectives of increasing pension coverage and reducing labor informality are interconnected: improving pension coverage in the mandatory system would require efforts to reduce labor informality. This document provides an analysis of the key elements of the labor and pension reforms, including their impacts, positive and negative aspects, and specific recommendations to substantially enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the intended outcomes of these reforms.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Fernando Mejía, 2023. "Análisis y recomendaciones sobre las reformas laboral y pensional," Informes de Investigación 20786, Fedesarrollo.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000124:020786
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11445/4435
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Adriana D. Kugler & Maurice D. Kugler & Luis O. Herrera-Prada, 2017. "Do Payroll Tax Breaks Stimulate Formality? Evidence from Colombia’s Reform," Economía Journal, The Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association - LACEA, vol. 0(Fall 2017), pages 3-40.
    2. Eduardo Lora & Luis Fernando Mejía & Miguel Benítez & Martha E. Delgado-Rojas & Diego Gutiérrez, 2021. "Reformas para una Colombia Post-Covid-19: Hacia un nuevo contrato social," Cuadernos de Fedesarrollo 21280, Fedesarrollo.
    3. James J. Heckman & Carmen Pagés, 2004. "Introduction to "Law and Employment: Lessons from Latin American and the Caribbean"," NBER Chapters, in: Law and Employment: Lessons from Latin America and the Caribbean, pages 1-108, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Luis Fernando Mejía & David Forero, 2022. "¿Qué hacer en protección económica para la vejez?," Libros Fedesarrollo, Fedesarrollo, number 20233, June.
    5. Cristina Fernandez & Leonardo Villar, 2017. "The Impact of Lowering the Payroll Tax on Informality in Colombia," Economía Journal, The Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association - LACEA, vol. 0(Fall 2017), pages 125-155.
    6. James J. Heckman & Carmen Pagés, 2004. "Law and Employment: Lessons from Latin America and the Caribbean," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number heck04-1, December.
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    1. Martha López & Eduardo Sarmiento Gómez, 2024. "Consideraciones sobre la propuesta de reducción en las semanas de cotización para pensionarse en Colombia: qué dicen 12 millones de datos," Borradores de Economia 1268, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J08 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics Policies
    • H53 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions

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