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A language economics perspective on language spread: Simulating language dynamics in a social network

Author

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  • Marco Civico
  • François Grin
  • François Vaillancourt

Abstract

This paper addresses language dynamics with simulations using an agent-based model (ABM). This model explores language dynamics within a social network. Simulation techniques aim to provide a formalized representation of how factors like language adoption, social influence, economic incentives, and language policies interact, impacting language preferences and fluency over time and, through them, the spread of a language. The ABM developed for this study focuses on complex interactions between agents within a dynamic system. Agents, representing entities that vary according to their level of aggregation (individuals, groups, countries), are endowed with specific linguistic attributes and engage in interactions (communication) guided by predefined rules. A pivotal aspect of our modelling framework is the incorporation of network analysis, where relationships among agents are structured as a network, allowing us to leverage network metrics and measures. The network’s dynamic evolution reflects changing inter-agent connections. By combining ABM with network analysis, we gain a nuanced understanding of emergent behaviours and system dynamics, offering insights that extend beyond traditional modelling approaches. This integrative approach proves instrumental in capturing intricate relationships and shedding light on the underlying mechanisms governing complex systems and provides an analytical framework that can be combined with data from sociolinguistic observation. Ce texte aborde la dynamique linguistique au moyen de simulations basées sur un modèle à base d’agents (MBA). Ce modèle étudie la dynamique linguistique au sein d'un réseau social. Les techniques de simulation visent à fournir une représentation formalisée de l'interaction de facteurs tels que l'adoption d'une langue, l'influence sociale, les incitations économiques et les politiques linguistiques, impactant ainsi l'évolution au fil du temps des préférences linguistiques et de la compétence linguistique et, par conséquent, de la diffusion d'une langue. Le MBA développé pour cette étude se concentre sur les interactions complexes entre agents au sein d'un système dynamique. Les agents, représentant des entités associés à divers niveaux d’agrégation (individus, groupes, pays), sont dotés d'attributs linguistiques spécifiques et interagissent (communication) selon des règles prédéfinies. Un aspect essentiel de notre démarche est l'intégration de relations entre agents structurées en réseau, ce qui nous permet d'exploiter les métriques et les indicateurs de celui-ci. L'évolution dynamique du réseau reflète l'évolution des connexions inter-agents. En combinant MMA et analyse de réseau, nous acquérons une compréhension fine des comportements émergents et de la dynamique du système, offrant des perspectives qui dépassent les approches traditionnelles de modélisation. Cette démarche intégrative s’avère essentielle pour saisir les relations complexes et mettre en lumière les mécanismes sous-jacents qui régissent les systèmes complexes, et elle fournit un cadre analytique qui peut être combiné avec des données issues de l’observation sociolinguistique.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Civico & François Grin & François Vaillancourt, 2025. "A language economics perspective on language spread: Simulating language dynamics in a social network," CIRANO Working Papers 2025s-23, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2025s-23
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2025s-23.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniel M. Abrams & Steven H. Strogatz, 2003. "Modelling the dynamics of language death," Nature, Nature, vol. 424(6951), pages 900-900, August.
    2. Marco Civico, 2019. "The Dynamics of Language Minorities: Evidence from an Agent-Based Model of Language Contact," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 22(4), pages 1-3.
    3. Katz, Michael L & Shapiro, Carl, 1985. "Network Externalities, Competition, and Compatibility," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 75(3), pages 424-440, June.
    4. Templin, Torsten & Seidl, Andrea & Wickström, Bengt-Arne & Feichtinger, Gustav, 2016. "Optimal language policy for the preservation of a minority language," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 8-21.
    5. Jeffrey Church & Ian King, 1993. "Bilingualism and Network Externalities," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 26(2), pages 337-345, May.
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    JEL classification:

    • C63 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computational Techniques
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • Z13 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology; Language; Social and Economic Stratification

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