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Sticky Prices or Sticky Wages? An Equivalence Result

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  • Bilbiie, F. O.
  • Trabandt, M.

Abstract

We show an equivalence result in the standard representative agent New Keynesian model after demand shocks: assuming sticky prices and flexible wages yields identical allocations for GDP, consumption, labor, inflation and interest rates to the opposite case flexible prices and sticky wages. This equivalence result arises if the price and wage Phillips curves-slopes are identical and generalizes to any pair of price and wage Phillips curve slopes such that their sum and product are identical. Nevertheless, the cyclical implications for profits and wages are substantially different. We discuss how the equivalence breaks when these factor-distributional implications matter for aggregate allocations, e.g. in New Keynesian models with heterogeneous agents, endogenous firm entry, and non-constant returns to scale in production.

Suggested Citation

  • Bilbiie, F. O. & Trabandt, M., 2023. "Sticky Prices or Sticky Wages? An Equivalence Result," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2369, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    • Handle: RePEc:cam:camdae:2369
    Note: fob21
    as

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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Florin O. Bilbiie, 2021. "Monetary Neutrality with Sticky Prices and Free Entry," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 103(3), pages 492-504, July.
    2. Jordi Galí, 2011. "The Return Of The Wage Phillips Curve," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 9(3), pages 436-461, June.
    3. Cristiano Cantore & Filippo Ferroni & Miguel León-Ledesma, 2021. "The Missing Link: Monetary Policy and The Labor Share," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 19(3), pages 1592-1620.
    4. Lawrence J. Christiano & Martin Eichenbaum & Charles L. Evans, 2005. "Nominal Rigidities and the Dynamic Effects of a Shock to Monetary Policy," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 113(1), pages 1-45, February.
    5. Diz, Sebastian & Giarda, Mario & Romero, Damián, 2023. "Inequality, nominal rigidities, and aggregate demand," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    6. Andrea Colciago, 2011. "Rule‐of‐Thumb Consumers Meet Sticky Wages," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 43(2‐3), pages 325-353, March.
    7. Guido Ascari & Andrea Colciago & Lorenza Rossi, 2017. "Limited Asset Market Participation, Sticky Wages, And Monetary Policy," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 55(2), pages 878-897, April.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    inflation; Interest Rate; New Keynesian Model; Observational Equivalence; Output; Sticky Prices; Sticky Wages;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E10 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - General
    • E30 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General

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