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An income-based approach to modeling commuting distance in the Toronto area

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  • Shawn Berry

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to propose a novel model of the effects of changes in shelter and driving costs on car commuting distances in the overheated Toronto housing market from 2011 to 2016. The model borrows from theoretical concepts of microeconomics and urban geography to examine the Toronto housing market. Using 2011 and 2016 Census data for census metropolitan areas (CMAs) and census agglomerations (CAs) in Southern Ontario and computed driving costs, the model of car commuting distance is based on variables of allocation of monthly household income to monthly shelter costs and driving costs as a function of the car driving distance to Toronto. Using this model, we can predict the effect on car commuting distance due to changes in any of the variables. The model also offers an explanation for communities of Toronto car commuters beyond a driving radius that we might expect for daily commuting. The model confirms that increases in shelter costs in the Toronto housing market from 2011 to 2016 have forced the boundaries of feasible housing locations outward, and forced households to move farther away, thus increasing car commuting distance.

Suggested Citation

  • Shawn Berry, 2024. "An income-based approach to modeling commuting distance in the Toronto area," Papers 2401.11343, arXiv.org.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2401.11343
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    1. Achim Ahrens & Sean Lyons, 2021. "Do rising rents lead to longer commutes? A gravity model of commuting flows in Ireland," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 58(2), pages 264-279, February.
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    3. Yujie Hu & Fahui Wang, 2016. "Temporal Trends of Intraurban Commuting in Baton Rouge, 1990–2010," Annals of the American Association of Geographers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 106(2), pages 470-479, March.
    4. Cervero, Robert & Chapple, Karen & Landis, John & Wachs, Martin & Duncan, Michael & Scholl, Patricia Lynn & Blumenberg, Evelyn, 2006. "MAKING DO: How Working Families in Seven U.S. Metropolitan Areas Trade Off Housing Costs and Commuting Times," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt9wf8x6p5, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
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