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The Role of Immigrants, Emigrants, and Locals in the Historical Formation of European Knowledge Agglomerations

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  • Philipp Koch
  • Viktor Stojkoski
  • C'esar A. Hidalgo

Abstract

Did migrants make Paris a Mecca for the arts and Vienna a beacon of classical music? Or was their rise a pure consequence of local actors? Here, we use data on more than 22,000 historical individuals born between the years 1000 and 2000 to estimate the contribution of famous immigrants, emigrants, and locals to the knowledge specializations of European regions. We find that the probability that a region develops or keeps specialization in an activity (based on the birth of famous physicists, painters, etc.) grows with both, the presence of immigrants with knowledge on that activity and immigrants with knowledge in related activities. In contrast, we do not find robust evidence that the presence of locals with related knowledge explains entries and/or exits. We address some endogeneity concerns using fixed-effects models considering any location-period-activity specific factors (e.g. the presence of a new university attracting scientists).

Suggested Citation

  • Philipp Koch & Viktor Stojkoski & C'esar A. Hidalgo, 2022. "The Role of Immigrants, Emigrants, and Locals in the Historical Formation of European Knowledge Agglomerations," Papers 2210.15914, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2023.
  • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2210.15914
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Frank Neffke & Matté Hartog & Ron Boschma & Martin Henning, 2018. "Agents of Structural Change: The Role of Firms and Entrepreneurs in Regional Diversification," Economic Geography, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 94(1), pages 23-48, January.
    2. Ernest Miguelez & Andrea Morrison, 2023. "Migrant inventors as agents of technological change," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 48(2), pages 669-692, April.
    3. Michel Serafinelli & Guido Tabellini, 2022. "Creativity over time and space," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 27(1), pages 1-43, March.
    4. Zoltán Elekes & Ron Boschma & Balázs Lengyel, 2019. "Foreign-owned firms as agents of structural change in regions," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(11), pages 1603-1613, November.
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