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Working Paper 94 - Des inégalités de genre à l’indice de qualité de vie des femmes

Author

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  • Bérenger Bérenger
  • Audrey Chouchane

Abstract

S’appuyant sur l’approche de Sen en termes de capabilités et sur une méthode d’agrégation issue de la théorie des ensembles flous, l’article tente de dépasser les principales critiques adressés aux indices ISDH et IPF du PNUD dans l’analyse des inégalités de genre. Le premier est un indice pur d’inégalités, fondé sur l’indice de Gini, et adresse les critiques liées au concept « d’inégalités » dans les indices du PNUD. Le second, l’indice sexospécifique de désavantage des femmes (ISDF) est indépendant du développement humain puisqu’il ne s’appuie que sur des ratios. De plus, il ne saisit que les inégalités à l’encontre des femmes alors que dans l’ISDH, les écarts de genre sont traités de manière symétrique. Le troisième, l’indice relatif de désavantage des femmes (IRDF) adresse la critique liée à l’inclusion du revenu dans les indices du PNUD. Il est décomposable en trois domaines (santé, éducation, participation) et exclut tout indicateur monétaire. Ces trois indices apportent des informations différentes pour l’analyse des inégalités de genre. Ils sont complétés par un quatrième indice, celui de la qualité de vie des femmes (QVF). Ce dernier indice est construit à partir d’indicateurs concernant uniquement les femmes et les enfants. Il est cependant fortement corrélé aux indices d’inégalités de genre.

Suggested Citation

  • Bérenger Bérenger & Audrey Chouchane, 2008. "Working Paper 94 - Des inégalités de genre à l’indice de qualité de vie des femmes," Working Paper Series 229, African Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:adb:adbwps:229
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    References listed on IDEAS

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