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Inter-country inequality in human development indicators

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  • Tomson Ogwang

Abstract

This paper compares the degree of inter-country inequality in three measures of human development (the Human Development Index (HDI), the Gender-Related Development Index (GDI) and the Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)) to those in real income as measured by real GDP per capita in PPP$ (RY) and adjusted real GDP per capita in PPP$ (ARY). To this end, three inequality measures with convenient decomposition properties are used. The results show that inter-country inequalities in RY and ARY are greater than those in all the three human development indicators, irrespective of the inequality measure used. Furthermore, GDI and GEM both exhibit higher degrees of inter-country inequality than does HDI. In addition, GEM exhibits the highest level of inter-country inequality among the three human development indicators, irrespective of the inequality measure used.

Suggested Citation

  • Tomson Ogwang, 2000. "Inter-country inequality in human development indicators," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(7), pages 443-446.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apeclt:v:7:y:2000:i:7:p:443-446
    DOI: 10.1080/135048500351140
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    1. J. Ram Pillarisetti, 1997. "An empirical note on inequality in the world development indicators," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(3), pages 145-147.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ravi Prakash & Pulkit Garg, 2019. "Comparative assessment of HDI with Composite Development Index (CDI)," Post-Print hal-02115225, HAL.
    2. Cengiz Türe & Yiğit Türe, 2021. "A model for the sustainability assessment based on the human development index in districts of Megacity Istanbul (Turkey)," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 3623-3637, March.
    3. Stephen Morse, 2013. "Bottom Rail on Top: The Shifting Sands of Sustainable Development Indicators as Tools to Assess Progress," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 5(6), pages 1-21, May.
    4. Bérenger Bérenger & Audrey Chouchane, 2008. "Working Paper 94 - Des inégalités de genre à l’indice de qualité de vie des femmes," Working Paper Series 229, African Development Bank.
    5. AfDB AfDB, 2008. "Working Paper 94 - Des inégalités de genre à l’indice de qualité de vie des femmes," Working Paper Series 2227, African Development Bank.
    6. Po-Chin Wu & Chiung-Wen Fan & Sheng-Chieh Pan, 2014. "Does Human Development Index Provide Rational Development Rankings? Evidence from Efficiency Rankings in Super Efficiency Model," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 116(2), pages 647-658, April.
    7. Udaya Mishra & S. Subramanian, 2006. "On measuring group-differentials displayed by socioeconomic indicators," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(8), pages 519-521.
    8. Huseyin Aytug & Siong Hook Law & Nirvikar Singh, 2018. "What Can We Learn from Global and Regional Rankings of Countries?," Millennial Asia, , vol. 9(2), pages 119-139, August.
    9. Wolff, Hendrik & Chong, Howard & Auffhammer, Maximilian, 2008. "Consequences of Data Error in Aggregate Indicators: Evidence from the Human Development Index," CUDARE Working Papers 6502, University of California, Berkeley, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics.
    10. Wolff, Hendrik & Chong, Howard & Auffhammer, Maximilian, 2008. "Consequences of Data Error in Aggregate Indicators: Evidence from the Human Development Index," Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley, Working Paper Series qt18s0z7mj, Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley.
    11. repec:ssi:jouesi:v:1:y:2019:i:1:p:58-76 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Stephen Morse, 2020. "To Rank or Not to Rank with Indices? That Is the Question," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-20, July.
    13. Wolff, Hendrik & Chong, Howard & Auffhammer, Maximilian, 2009. "Human Development Index: Are Developing Countries Misclassified? (former title: "Consequences of Data Error in Aggregate Indicators: Evidence from the Human Development Index)," 2009 Annual Meeting, July 26-28, 2009, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 49763, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    14. Alvargonzalez, M. & Lopez, A. & Perez, R., 2004. "Growth-Inequality Relationship. An Analytical Approach and Some Evidence for Latin America," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 4(2).
    15. AfDB AfDB, 2008. "Working Paper 94 - Des inégalités de genre à l’indice de qualité de vie des femmes," Working Paper Series 2307, African Development Bank.
    16. Ravi Prakash & Pulkit Garg, 2019. "Comparative assessment of HDI with Composite Development Index (CDI)," Insights into Regional Development, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 1(1), pages 58-76, March.
    17. Morse, Stephen, 2003. "For better or for worse, till the human development index do us part?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(2), pages 281-296, June.

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