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Timeliness of financial reporting, the firm size effect, and stock price reactions to annual earnings announcements

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  • ROWLAND K. ATIASE
  • LINDA S. BAMBER
  • SENYO TSE

Abstract

. Disclosure timeliness is of concern because a report's usefulness may be inversely related to the reporting delay. Although longer delays increase the likelihood that some of the information contained in annual earnings disclosures will be preempted by information from more timely sources, previous research investigating the relation between earnings†disclosure timeliness and the intensity of the associated market reaction has reported mixed results. These inconclusive findings may be at least partially due to the effects of a potentially confounding variable — firm size — which may have offset the reporting delay effect. Large firms usually disclose earnings relatively early, but the associated market reaction tends to be small due to the size effect. Small firms disclose later, but their associated market reaction tends to be high due to the size effect. Consequently, this study employs a multivariate approach, which controls for firm size, in investigating the relationship between the timeliness of annual earnings disclosure and the associated security price reaction. The study's results support the hypothesis that after controlling for firm size, the length of the reporting delay is inversely related to the magnitude of report period price revaluations. That is, longer delays are associated with smaller market reactions, when firm size is held constant. There is some evidence that this relation may be stronger for earnings announcements which convey “bad news.†Résumé. La publication rapide de l'information est un sujet de préoccupation, puisque l'utilité d'un rapport risque d'être inversement proportionnelle au délai de publication. Bien que des délais plus longs augmentent la probabilité que certaines des informations contenues dans la publication annuelle des bénéfices aient déjà été obtenues de sources plus rapides, de précédents travaux de recherche analysant la relation entre la rapidité de la publication des bénéfices et l'intensité de la réaction du marché à l'information publiée ont abouti à des résultats mixtes. Ces résultats non concluants peuvent être au moins en partie attribuables à l'incidence d'une variable pouvant porter à confusion — celle de la taille de l'entreprise — susceptible d'avoir compensé l'incidence du délai de publication. Les entreprises de taille importante publient habituellement leurs bénéfices assez tôt, mais la réaction du marché à cette information tend à être mitigée, à cause de l'incidence de la taille. Les petites entreprises publient plus tard l'infonnation relative aux bénéfices, mais la réaction du marché à cette information a tendance à être marquée, à cause de l'incidence de la taille. En conséquence, les auteurs ont opté dans la présente étude pour une méthode à plusieurs variables permettant de contrôler la taille de l'entreprise dans l'analyse de la relation entre la rapidité de la publication des bénéfices annuels et la réaction du prix de Taction à cette information. Les résultats de l'étude viennent confirmer l'hypothèse selon laquelle, lorsque la taille de l'entreprise n'influe pas, la longueur du délai de publication est en relation inverse avec l'ampleur des réévaluations de prix correspondant à la période de publication. En d'autres termes, des délais plus longs sont associés aux réactions plus mitigées du marché, la taille de l'entreprise étant constante. Certaines informations démontrent que cette relation peut être plus marquée pour la publication de bénéfices qui véhiculent de « mauvaises nouvelles ».

Suggested Citation

  • Rowland K. Atiase & Linda S. Bamber & Senyo Tse, 1989. "Timeliness of financial reporting, the firm size effect, and stock price reactions to annual earnings announcements," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(2), pages 526-552, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:5:y:1989:i:2:p:526-552
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1911-3846.1989.tb00722.x
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    2. Laurence Van Lent, 2012. "Discussion of The Influence of Elections on the Accounting Choices of Governmental Entities," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 50(2), pages 477-494, May.
    3. Baker, H. Kent & Ni, Yang & Saadi, Samir & Zhu, Hui, 2019. "Competitive earnings news and post-earnings announcement drift," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 331-343.
    4. Oliver Lukason & María-del-Mar Camacho-Miñano, 2021. "What Best Explains Reporting Delays? A SME Population Level Study of Different Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, April.
    5. Linda H. Chen & Wei Huang & George J. Jiang & Kevin X. Zhu, 2022. "Why do investors discount earnings announced late?," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 58(3), pages 977-1014, April.
    6. Byung T. Ro, 1989. "Earnings news and the firm size effect," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 6(1), pages 177-195, September.
    7. Cory Cassell & Emily Hunt & Gans Narayanamoorthy & Stephen P. Rowe, 2019. "A hidden risk of auditor industry specialization: evidence from the financial crisis," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 891-926, September.
    8. Rick Antle & Joel S. Demski, 1989. "Revenue recognition," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(2), pages 423-451, March.
    9. Pevzner, Mikhail & Xie, Fei & Xin, Xiangang, 2015. "When firms talk, do investors listen? The role of trust in stock market reactions to corporate earnings announcements," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(1), pages 190-223.
    10. Khondkar E. Karim & Jiayan Li & Karen Jingrong Lin & Ashok Robin, 2022. "Do directors have style? Board interlock and accounting properties," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 49(1-2), pages 3-32, January.
    11. Jianling Wang & Lin Song, 2006. "Timeliness of Annual Reports of Chinese Listed Companies," Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(3), pages 241-257.
    12. Rateb M. Alqatamin & Mohammad K. Shbeilat, 2023. "The Impact of Corporate Governance Factors and the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Publishing Date of Annual Reports of UK Listed Companies," Accounting and Finance Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 12(1), pages 1-1, February.
    13. Hua-Wei Huang & Mai Dao & Wen-Chi Sun, 2017. "The Timeliness of Financial Reporting and Fair Values: Evidence from U.S. Banks," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(01), pages 1-30, March.
    14. Gordon D. Richardson, 1989. "Discussion of “Timeliness of financial reporting, the firm size effect, and stock price reactions to annual earnings announcementsâ€," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(2), pages 553-555, March.
    15. Gilbert, Thomas & Hrdlicka, Christopher & Kamara, Avraham, 2018. "The structure of information release and the factor structure of returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(3), pages 546-566.

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