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Additive versus multiplicative trade costs and the gains from trade liberalizations

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  • Allan Sørensen

Abstract

This paper addresses welfare effects from trade liberalization in a Melitz () heterogeneous‐firms trade model including the empirically important per‐unit (i.e., additive) trade costs in addition to the conventional iceberg (i.e., multiplicative) and fixed trade costs. The novel contribution of the paper is the result that the welfare gain for a given increase in trade openness is higher for reductions in per‐unit (additive) trade costs than for reductions in iceberg (multiplicative) trade costs. The ranking derives from differences in intra‐industry reallocations and, in particular, from dissimilar impacts on the number of exporters (i.e., the extensive margin of trade). Coûts du commerce additifs versus multiplicatifs et les gains des libéralisations du commerce. Ce texte examine les effets de bien‐être attribuables à la libéralisation du commerce dans un modèle de commerce de firmes hétérogènes à la Melitz (2003) en tenant compte à la fois des coûts de commerce unitaires (c.‐à‐d., additifs) empiriques importants, en plus des coûts de type iceberg (c.‐à‐d., multiplicatifs, en pourcentage de la valeur) et des coûts fixes du commerce. La contribution inédite de ce texte est qu'il montre que le gain de bien‐être pour un accroissement donné de l'ouverture du commerce est plus grand pour les réductions dans les coûts unitaires (additifs) du commerce que pour les réductions dans les coûts de type iceberg (multiplicatifs). Ceci est attribuable aux réallocations intra‐industrie et en particulier aux impacts dissemblables sur le nombre des exportateurs (c.‐à‐d., la marge extensive du commerce).

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  • Allan Sørensen, 2014. "Additive versus multiplicative trade costs and the gains from trade liberalizations," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 47(3), pages 1032-1046, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:47:y:2014:i:3:p:1032-1046
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12101
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    Cited by:

    1. Charlotte Emlinger & Viola Lamani, 2020. "International trade, quality sorting and trade costs: the case of Cognac," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 156(3), pages 579-609, August.
    2. Guillaume Daudin & Jérôme Héricourt & Lise Patureau, 2022. "International transport costs: new findings from modeling additive costs [Inventories, lumpy trade, and large devaluations]," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 22(5), pages 989-1044.
    3. Carlo Perroni & Davide Suverato, 2023. "Skills scarcity and export intensity," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 56(2), pages 719-757, May.
    4. Ahmad Lashkaripour, 2015. "Worth its Weight in Gold: Product Weight, International Shipping, and Patterns of Trade," CAEPR Working Papers 2015-014, Center for Applied Economics and Policy Research, Department of Economics, Indiana University Bloomington.
    5. Kane, Robert F. & Peretto, Pietro F., 2020. "More apples vs. better apples: Distribution and innovation-driven growth," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    6. Shadrack Muthami Mwatu & Charity Kageni Mbaka & John Gakuu Karanja & Grace Mukami Muriithi, 2024. "Trade Agreements, Technical Regulations, and Standards: Competitiveness Implications for Kenyan Exporters to European Union," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 36(2), pages 381-410, April.
    7. Ben Shepherd, 2022. "Modelling global value chains: From trade costs to policy impacts," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(8), pages 2478-2509, August.
    8. Philipp J. H. Schröder & Allan Sørensen, 2021. "Specific taxation, asymmetric costs, and endogenous quality," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 23(5), pages 1022-1051, October.
    9. Guillaume Daudin & Jérôme Héricourt & Lise Patureau, 2022. "International Transport costs: New Findings from modeling additive cost," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-03538476, HAL.

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    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

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