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Gemeindestrukturreformen und Gemeindekooperation

Author

Listed:
  • Hans Pitlik
  • Klaus Wirth

    (Zentrum für Verwaltungsforschung)

Abstract

Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert theoretische und empirische Ansätze zur Optimierung der Gemeindestrukturen. Wenn Gemeinden aufgrund ihrer Kleinheit in der Aufgabenerfüllung an Leistungsgrenzen stoßen, kommt neben dem Zusammenschluss mehrerer Gemeinden auch eine Intensivierung der interkommunalen Zusammenarbeit in Betracht. Neben Fragen der kostensparenden Leistungsproduktion geht es hier auch um eine Weiterentwicklung von Gemeindestrukturen, um leistungsfähigere Einheiten zu bilden, die auch künftige Aufgaben der Gemeinden adäquat bewältigen können. Ob durch diese Maßnahmen die Effizienz der kommunalen Leistungserstellung hinsichtlich Qualität und Kosten verbessert wird, wird in der Literatur kontrovers diskutiert. Aus volkswirtschaftlicher Sicht sollte der Rechtsrahmen für Gemeindestrukturreformen so gestaltet werden, dass Fusionen oder Kooperationen nicht durch hohe Transaktionskosten behindert werden. Eine Stärkung der fiskalischen Autonomie auf lokaler Ebene würde die Bereitschaft zu Fusionen stärken. Die aktive Förderung von Zusammenschlüssen und Kooperationen im Finanzausgleich ist aufgrund der damit verbundenen Informations- und Anreizprobleme nicht unumstritten. Bisweilen ist fraglich, ob potentielle Einsparungen und Wohlfahrtsgewinne den Mitteleinsatz zur Förderung der interkommunalen Zusammenarbeit rechtfertigen.

Suggested Citation

  • Hans Pitlik & Klaus Wirth, 2012. "Gemeindestrukturreformen und Gemeindekooperation," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 85(12), pages 957-967, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wfo:monber:y:2012:i:12:p:957-967
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gordon Tullock, 1969. "Federalism: Problems of scale," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 19-29, March.
    2. Christoph A. Schaltegger & Simon Zemp, 2003. "Spatial Spillovers in Metropolitan Areas: Evidence from Swiss Communes," CREMA Working Paper Series 2003-06, Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA).
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    2. Peter Mayerhofer & Peter Huber, 2019. "Notwendigkeit und Möglichkeiten kooperativer Raum- und Wirtschaftsentwicklung in der Metropolregion Wien. Problemfelder, Handlungsoptionen, Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 69764, April.
    3. Blesse, Sebastian & Baskaran, Thushyanthan, 2016. "Do municipal mergers reduce costs? Evidence from a German federal state," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 54-74.
    4. Blesse, Sebastian & Baskaran, Thushyanthan, 2013. "Do municipal mergers result in scale economies? Evidence from a German federal state," University of Göttingen Working Papers in Economics 176, University of Goettingen, Department of Economics.
    5. Hans Pitlik, 2017. "Österreich 2025 – Verwaltungsreform zwischen Effizienzstreben und Reformwiderständen. Ein Überblick," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 90(3), pages 205-217, March.

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