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A Time-Varying Risk Premium in the Term Structure of Bulk Shipping Freight Rates

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  • Roar Adland
  • Kevin Cullinane

Abstract

This paper presents a simple argument, based on logic and maritime economic theory alone, for rejecting the applicability of the expectations theory in bulk shipping freight markets. It is shown that the risk premium must be time varying and must, in a systematic fashion, depend upon freight market conditions and the duration of a period time charter. The signs of the risk premium attributable to the various risk factors are derived where possible and the conclusion is drawn that the theoretical net risk premium will usually be negative, but may change for a short-term period charter in a strong freight market. © 2005 LSE and the University of Bath

Suggested Citation

  • Roar Adland & Kevin Cullinane, 2005. "A Time-Varying Risk Premium in the Term Structure of Bulk Shipping Freight Rates," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, University of Bath, vol. 39(2), pages 191-208, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:tpe:jtecpo:v:39:y:2005:i:2:p:191-208
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Amir H. Alizadeh & Nikos Nomikos, 2011. "An Investigation into the Effect of Risk Management on the Profitability of Shipping Investment and Operations," Chapters, in: Kevin Cullinane (ed.), International Handbook of Maritime Economics, chapter 7, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Prochazka, Vít & Adland, Roar & Wolff, François-Charles, 2019. "Contracting decisions in the crude oil transportation market: Evidence from fixtures matched with AIS data," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 37-53.
    3. Wetzstein, Brian & Florax, Raymond & Foster, Kenneth & Binkley, James, 2021. "Transportation costs: Mississippi River barge rates," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 21(C).
    4. Harrathi Nizar & Alhoshan Hamed M., 2020. "Validity of the Expectations Hypothesis of the Term Structure of Interest Rates: The Case of Saudi Arabia," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, vol. 16(1), pages 1-18, April.
    5. Albert Veenstra & Jan van Dalen, 2011. "Fixtures-based Freight Rate Indices, and their Impact on Freight Rate Modelling in the Shipping Industry," Chapters, in: Kevin Cullinane (ed.), International Handbook of Maritime Economics, chapter 4, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    6. Okan Duru, 2017. "The Origin and Consistency of the Ton–Mile Metric in the Shipping Economics," Logistics, MDPI, vol. 1(1), pages 1-8, February.
    7. Spyros Makridakis & Andreas Merikas & Anna Merika & Mike G. Tsionas & Marwan Izzeldin, 2020. "A novel forecasting model for the Baltic dry index utilizing optimal squeezing," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(1), pages 56-68, January.
    8. Roar Adland & Haiying Jia, 2017. "Simulating physical basis risks in the Capesize freight market," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 19(2), pages 196-210, June.
    9. Xu, Jane Jing & Yip, Tsz Leung & Marlow, Peter B., 2011. "The dynamics between freight volatility and fleet size growth in dry bulk shipping markets," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(6), pages 983-991.
    10. Alizadeh, Amir H. & Talley, Wayne K., 2011. "Vessel and voyage determinants of tanker freight rates and contract times," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 18(5), pages 665-675, September.
    11. Payman Eslami & Kihyo Jung & Daewon Lee & Amir Tjolleng, 2017. "Predicting tanker freight rates using parsimonious variables and a hybrid artificial neural network with an adaptive genetic algorithm," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 19(3), pages 538-550, August.
    12. Koekebakker, Steen & Adland, Roar & Sødal, Sigbjørn, 2007. "Pricing freight rate options," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 43(5), pages 535-548, September.
    13. Goulas, Lambros & Skiadopoulos, George, 2012. "Are freight futures markets efficient? Evidence from IMAREX," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 644-659.
    14. Lourdes Gómez‐Valle & Ioannis Kyriakou & Julia Martínez‐Rodríguez & Nikos K. Nomikos, 2021. "Estimating risk‐neutral freight rate dynamics: A nonparametric approach," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(11), pages 1824-1842, November.
    15. Amir H. Alizadeh & Roar Os Ådland & Steen Koekebakker, 2007. "Predictive power and unbiasedness of implied forward charter rates," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(6), pages 385-403.
    16. Kavussanos, Manolis G. & Tsouknidis, Dimitris A., 2016. "Default risk drivers in shipping bank loans," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 71-94.
    17. Zhang, Yi, 2018. "Investigating dependencies among oil price and tanker market variables by copula-based multivariate models," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 435-446.
    18. Amir Alizadeh & Wayne Talley, 2011. "Microeconomic determinants of dry bulk shipping freight rates and contract times," Transportation, Springer, vol. 38(3), pages 561-579, May.

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