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Preliminary flood risk assessment: the case of Athens

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  • Georgia Kandilioti
  • Christos Makropoulos

Abstract

Flood mapping, especially in urban areas, is a demanding task requiring substantial (and usually unavailable) data. However, with the recent introduction of the EU Floods Directive (2007/60/EC), the need for reliable, but cost effective, risk mapping at the regional scale is rising in the policy agenda. Methods are therefore required to allow for efficiently undertaking what the Directive terms “preliminary flood risk assessment,” in other words a screening of areas that could potentially be at risk of flooding and that consequently merit more detailed attention and analysis. Such methods cannot rely on modeling, as this would require more data and effort that is reasonable for this high-level, screening phase. This is especially true in urban areas, where modeling requires knowledge of the detailed urban terrain, the drainage networks, and their interactions. A GIS-based multicriteria flood risk assessment methodology was therefore developed and applied for the mapping of flood risk in urban areas. This approach quantifies the spatial distribution of flood risk and is able to deal with uncertainties in criteria values and to examine their influence on the overall flood risk assessment. It can further assess the spatially variable reliability of the resulting maps on the basis of the choice of method used to develop the maps. The approach is applied to the Greater Athens area and validated for its central and most urban part. A GIS database of economic, social, and environmental criteria contributing to flood risk was created. Three different multicriteria decision rules (Analytical Hierarchy Process, Weighted Linear Combination and Ordered Weighting Averaging) were applied, to produce the overall flood risk map of the area. To implement this methodology, the IDRISI Andes GIS software was customized and used. It is concluded that the results of the analysis are a reasonable representation of actual flood risk, on the basis of their comparison with historical flood events. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012

Suggested Citation

  • Georgia Kandilioti & Christos Makropoulos, 2012. "Preliminary flood risk assessment: the case of Athens," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 61(2), pages 441-468, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:61:y:2012:i:2:p:441-468
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-011-9930-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Osberghaus, Daniel, 2015. "The determinants of private flood mitigation measures in Germany — Evidence from a nationwide survey," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 36-50.
    4. Martina Zeleňáková & Lenka Gaňová & Pavol Purcz & Ladislav Satrapa, 2015. "Methodology of flood risk assessment from flash floods based on hazard and vulnerability of the river basin," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 79(3), pages 2055-2071, December.
    5. Chengguang Lai & Xiaohong Chen & Zhaoli Wang & Haijun Yu & Xiaoyan Bai, 2020. "Flood Risk Assessment and Regionalization from Past and Future Perspectives at Basin Scale," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(7), pages 1399-1417, July.
    6. Hsiao-Wen Wang & Pin-Han Kuo & Jenq-Tzong Shiau, 2013. "Assessment of climate change impacts on flooding vulnerability for lowland management in southwestern Taiwan," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 68(2), pages 1001-1019, September.
    7. Chinh Luu & Hieu Xuan Tran & Binh Thai Pham & Nadhir Al-Ansari & Thai Quoc Tran & Nga Quynh Duong & Nam Hai Dao & Lam Phuong Nguyen & Huu Duy Nguyen & Huong Thu Ta & Hiep Van Le & Jason von Meding, 2020. "Framework of Spatial Flood Risk Assessment for a Case Study in Quang Binh Province, Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-17, April.
    8. A. N. Angelakis & G. Antoniou & K. Voudouris & N. Kazakis & N. Dalezios & N. Dercas, 2020. "History of floods in Greece: causes and measures for protection," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 101(3), pages 833-852, April.
    9. Li Liao & Jianzhong Zhou & Qiang Zou, 2013. "Weighted fuzzy kernel-clustering algorithm with adaptive differential evolution and its application on flood classification," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 69(1), pages 279-293, October.
    10. Stefanos Stefanidis & Dimitrios Stathis, 2013. "Assessment of flood hazard based on natural and anthropogenic factors using analytic hierarchy process (AHP)," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 68(2), pages 569-585, September.
    11. Christopher Burgess & Michael Taylor & Tannecia Stephenson & Arpita Mandal & Leiska Powell, 2015. "A macro-scale flood risk model for Jamaica with impact of climate variability," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 78(1), pages 231-256, August.

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