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Forms of Innovation—Insights from Product Development

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  • Halvor Holtskog

    (Gjovik University College)

Abstract

The dualism of science, technology and innovation (STI) and doing, using and interacting (DUI) modes of innovation has been accepted by scholars as a seemingly clear and useful heuristic dichotomy for analysing and benchmarking innovation systems. This paper challenges the existence of this dichotomy. Rather than the traditional approach of looking at statistical data and financial statements figures, our empirical findings are based on a thorough field analysis of product development projects in the Norwegian automotive industry. We argue that in the process of embedding scientific knowledge into products, the companies apply interchangeably STI mode and DUI mode in a sophisticated pattern of knowledge creation. Unawareness of these subtle integrating processes can lead to wrong conclusions about how knowledge is actually generated and processed at the ground floor in manufacturing firms. Misguided policy interventions can, in the worst case, be the result of such wrong conclusions. We followed firms in automotive industry in various product development projects. In addition to an understanding of product development processes, we investigated how the knowledge is created and implemented into specific products. The objective of the paper is to provide with more accurate understanding of how knowledge processes shape competitive advantages at the firm level.

Suggested Citation

  • Halvor Holtskog, 2017. "Forms of Innovation—Insights from Product Development," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 8(1), pages 63-76, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jknowl:v:8:y:2017:i:1:d:10.1007_s13132-015-0318-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s13132-015-0318-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jensen, Morten Berg & Johnson, Bjorn & Lorenz, Edward & Lundvall, Bengt Ake, 2007. "Forms of knowledge and modes of innovation," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 680-693, June.
    2. Bengt-Åke Lundvall, 2002. "Innovation, Growth and Social Cohesion," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 2466.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tatjana Bennat, 2022. "High Innovativeness of SMEs and the Configuration of Learning-by-Doing, Learning-by-Using, Learning-by-Interacting, and Learning-by-Science: a Regional Comparison Applying Fuzzy Qualitative Comparativ," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(2), pages 1666-1691, June.
    2. Broto Bhardwaj, 2019. "Role of Knowledge Management in Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Ecosystems Through Corporate Entrepreneurship and Strategic Intent in High-tech Firms," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 10(4), pages 1831-1859, December.
    3. Piotr F. Borowski, 2021. "Innovation strategy on the example of companies using bamboo," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 1-17, December.
    4. Alhusen, Harm & Bennat, Tatjana & Bizer, Kilian & Cantner, Uwe & Horstmann, Elaine & Kalthaus, Martin & Proeger, Till & Sternberg, Rolf G. & Töpfer, Stefan, 2019. "Measuring the "doing-using-interacting mode" of innovation in SMEs - A qualitative approach," ifh Working Papers 23/2019, Volkswirtschaftliches Institut für Mittelstand und Handwerk an der Universität Göttingen (ifh).
    5. Mohammad Reza Jalilvand & Leila Nasrolahi Vosta & Rashid Khalilakbar & Javad Khazaei Pool & Reihaneh Alsadat Tabaeeian, 2019. "The Effects of Internal Marketing and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Innovation in Family Businesses," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 10(3), pages 1064-1079, September.
    6. Sérgio Nunes & Raul Lopes & Nerys Fuller-Love, 2019. "Networking, Innovation, and Firms’ Performance: Portugal as Illustration," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 10(3), pages 899-920, September.
    7. Alhusen, Harm & Bennat, Tatjana & Bizer, Kilian & Cantner, Uwe & Horstmann, Elaine & Kalthaus, Martin & Proeger, Till & Sternberg, Rolf & Töpfer, Stefan, 2021. "A New Measurement Conception for the ‘Doing-Using-Interacting’ Mode of Innovation," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(4).
    8. David Doloreux & Richard Shearmur & Igone Porto‐Gomez & Jon Mikel Zabala‐Iturriagagoitia, 2020. "DUI and STI innovation modes in the Canadian wine industry: The geography of interaction modes," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(3), pages 890-909, September.

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