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Development and Usability Testing of Virtual Reality (VR)-Based Reminiscence Therapy for People with Dementia

Author

Listed:
  • Joyce S.Y. Lau

    (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University)

  • Yuk Ming Tang

    (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
    Shenzhen Institute of Technology)

  • Grace Gao

    (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
    The Hong Kong Polytechnic University)

  • Kenneth N.K. Fong

    (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University)

  • Billy C.L. So

    (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University)

Abstract

The prevalence of dementia is increasing due to a longer life expectancy and an ageing population. Cognitive impairment affects patients’ daily lives and places a financial and healthcare burden on them and their families. Reminiscence therapy (RT) is a non-pharmacological approach that has been found to enhance the quality of life for older adults with or without dementia. There is an urgent need for more functional and effective treatments, such as virtual reality (VR), which are becoming increasingly popular. VR in RT is a relatively new field, and this paper proposes a conceptual model for developing proof-of-concept virtual reality-based reminiscence therapy (VR-RT) for people with dementia, based on the 4Is: immersion, interaction, imagination, and impression. This model is intended to offer an alternative therapeutic experience for older adults with dementia. This paper demonstrates VR-RT in accordance with the results from the proposed 4Is model, to depict different periods of the olden days of scenes, such as restoring the historical objects and appearance of the citizens. The proposed VR-RT is then evaluated with the occupational therapists (OTs) through pilot testing. The findings reveal that VR-RT based on the proposed model may elicit a positive attitude and motivation in older adults with dementia. The proposed 4Is model serves to offer essential features for VR development, followed by a survey to identify suitable reminiscence materials and themes tailored to older adults with dementia. A pilot test with OTs revealed that VR-RT has the potential to improve the conditions of people with dementia. The research contributes valuable insights and lays the groundwork for future development of VR-RT for people with dementia.

Suggested Citation

  • Joyce S.Y. Lau & Yuk Ming Tang & Grace Gao & Kenneth N.K. Fong & Billy C.L. So, 2025. "Development and Usability Testing of Virtual Reality (VR)-Based Reminiscence Therapy for People with Dementia," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 27(1), pages 155-170, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:infosf:v:27:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1007_s10796-024-10479-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s10796-024-10479-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cowan, Kirsten & Ketron, Seth, 2019. "A dual model of product involvement for effective virtual reality: The roles of imagination, co-creation, telepresence, and interactivity," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 483-492.
    2. repec:plo:pone00:0208595 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Yung-Chin Tsao & Chun-Chieh Shu & Tian-Syung Lan, 2019. "Development of a Reminiscence Therapy System for the Elderly Using the Integration of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-10, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tomas Krilavičius & Lucio Tommaso De Paolis & Valerio De Luca & Josef Spjut, 2025. "eXtended Reality and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Rehabilitation," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 27(1), pages 1-6, February.

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