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Explaining European Union effectiveness (goal achievement) in the Convention on Biological Diversity: the importance of diplomatic engagement

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  • Lisanne Groen

    (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)

Abstract

Recent scholarly work on the European Union (EU) in international environmental agreements has thus far lacked a focus on explaining variation in EU performance/effectiveness in different negotiation processes within one agreement, especially when it comes to less prominent issue areas such as biodiversity. To fill that gap, this article seeks to explain the EU’s effectiveness (goal achievement—GA) as a negotiator in the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in three key negotiation processes: (1) the negotiations on the coming into being of the CBD (1990–1992); (2) the negotiations towards a Cartagena Protocol on biosafety (1995–2000); and (3) the negotiations towards a Nagoya Protocol on the access to and benefit-sharing of genetic resources (2004–2010). For each case, the article measures EU effectiveness/GA by comparing the EU’s objectives for the international negotiations at the early stages of the process with the outcome of these negotiations. It tries to explain the degree of EU GA by considering EU diplomatic engagement and the EU’s position in the constellation of all negotiating parties in terms of issue-specific bargaining power and interests. It highlights the EU’s successful performance as a mediator and bridge builder in the negotiations on the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols. This diplomatic engagement resulted in a high degree of EU GA as it was well adapted to the EU’s position in the constellation of all negotiating parties in terms of bargaining power and interests. This article emphasises the need to adapt EU diplomatic engagement to this position to boost EU GA.

Suggested Citation

  • Lisanne Groen, 2019. "Explaining European Union effectiveness (goal achievement) in the Convention on Biological Diversity: the importance of diplomatic engagement," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 69-87, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ieaple:v:19:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1007_s10784-018-9424-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s10784-018-9424-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sebastian Oberthür & Lisanne Groen, 2015. "The Effectiveness Dimension of the EU's Performance in International Institutions: Toward a More Comprehensive Assessment Framework," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(6), pages 1319-1335, November.
    2. Mark Rhinard & Michael Kaeding, 2006. "The International Bargaining Power of the European Union in ‘Mixed’ Competence Negotiations: The Case of the 2000 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(5), pages 1023-1050, December.
    3. Meunier, Sophie, 2000. "What Single Voice? European Institutions and EU–U.S. Trade Negotiations," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 54(1), pages 103-135, January.
    4. Lucio R. Pench & Paolo Sestito & Elisabetta Frontini, 1999. "Some unpleasant arithmetics of regional unemployment in the EU. Are there any lessons for EMU?," European Economy - Economic Papers 2008 - 2015 134, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
    5. Florian Weiler, 2012. "Determinants of bargaining success in the climate change negotiations," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 12(5), pages 552-574, September.
    6. Iulian Romanyshyn, 2015. "Explaining EU Effectiveness in Multilateral Institutions: The Case of the Arms Trade Treaty Negotiations," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(4), pages 875-892, July.
    7. Mark Rhinard & Michael Kaeding, 2006. "The International Bargaining Power of the European Union in 'Mixed' Competence Negotiations: The Case of the 2000 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44, pages 1023-1050, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Matilda Petersson & Peter Stoett, 2022. "Lessons learnt in global biodiversity governance," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 333-352, June.
    2. Suzanne Kingston & Zizhen Wang & Edwin Alblas & Mícheál Callaghan & Julie Foulon & Clodagh Daly & Deirdre Norris, 2022. "Europe’s nature governance revolution: harnessing the shadow of heterarchy," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 793-824, December.
    3. Joseph Earsom & Tom Delreux, 2021. "A Nice Tailwind: The EU’s Goal Achievement at the IMO Initial Strategy," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 9(3), pages 401-411.

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