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Portfolio value-at-risk estimation in energy futures markets with time-varying copula-GARCH model

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  • Xun Lu
  • Kin Lai
  • Liang Liang

Abstract

This paper combines copula functions with GARCH-type models to construct the conditional joint distribution, which is used to estimate Value-at-Risk (VaR) of an equally weighted portfolio comprising crude oil futures and natural gas futures in energy market. Both constant and time-varying copulas are applied to fit the dependence structure of the two assets returns. The findings show that the constant Student t copula is a good compromise for effectively fitting the dependence structure between crude oil futures and natural gas futures. Moreover, the skewed Student t distribution has a better fit than Normal and Student t distribution to the marginal distribution of each asset. Asymmetries and excess kurtosis are found in marginal distributions as well as in dependence. We estimate VaR of the underlying portfolio to be 95% and 99%, by using the Monte Carlo simulation. Then using backtesting, we compare the out-of-sample forecasting performances of VaR estimated by different models. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2014

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  • Xun Lu & Kin Lai & Liang Liang, 2014. "Portfolio value-at-risk estimation in energy futures markets with time-varying copula-GARCH model," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 219(1), pages 333-357, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:annopr:v:219:y:2014:i:1:p:333-357:10.1007/s10479-011-0900-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s10479-011-0900-9
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    6. Wenming Shi & Kevin X. Li & Zhongzhi Yang & Ganggang Wang, 2017. "Time-varying copula models in the shipping derivatives market," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 1039-1058, November.
    7. Dariusz Gołȩbiewski & Tomasz Barszcz & Wioletta Skrodzka & Igor Wojnicki & Andrzej Bielecki, 2022. "A New Approach to Risk Management in the Power Industry Based on Systems Theory," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-19, November.
    8. Zhou, Wei & Chen, Yan & Chen, Jin, 2022. "Risk spread in multiple energy markets: Extreme volatility spillover network analysis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    9. AlShelahi, Abdullah & Wang, Jingxing & You, Mingdi & Byon, Eunshin & Saigal, Romesh, 2020. "Data-driven prediction for volatile processes based on real option theories," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    10. Fernandes, Mário Correia & Dias, José Carlos & Nunes, João Pedro Vidal, 2021. "Modeling energy prices under energy transition: A novel stochastic-copula approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    11. Bai, Xiwen & Kavussanos, Manolis G., 2022. "Hedging IMO2020 compliant fuel price exposure using futures contracts," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
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    13. Emmanuel Afuecheta & Saralees Nadarajah & Stephen Chan, 2021. "A Statistical Analysis of Global Economies Using Time Varying Copulas," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 58(4), pages 1167-1194, December.
    14. Tan, Sook-Rei & Li, Changtai & Yeap, Xiu Wei, 2022. "A time-varying copula approach for constructing a daily financial systemic stress index," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    15. E. Allevi & L. Boffino & M. E. Giuli & G. Oggioni, 2019. "Analysis of long-term natural gas contracts with vine copulas in optimization portfolio problems," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 274(1), pages 1-37, March.
    16. Emilio Cardona & Andrés Mora-Valencia & Daniel Velásquez-Gaviria, 2019. "Testing expected shortfall: an application to emerging market stock indices," Risk Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(3), pages 153-182, September.
    17. Zied Ftiti & Kais Tissaoui & Sahbi Boubaker, 2022. "On the relationship between oil and gas markets: a new forecasting framework based on a machine learning approach," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 313(2), pages 915-943, June.
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    19. Antonio Díaz & Gonzalo García-Donato & Andrés Mora-Valencia, 2019. "Quantifying Risk in Traditional Energy and Sustainable Investments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-22, January.
    20. Guo, Zi-Yi, 2022. "Risk management of Bitcoin futures with GARCH models," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 45(C).

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