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Факторы И Направления Межрегиональной Миграции Выпускников Вузов В России

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  • Антосик Л. В.
  • Ивашина Н. В.

Abstract

Антосик Любовь Валерьевна - кандидат экономических наук, старший научный сотрудник Научно-учебной лаборатории исследований рынка труда Тюменского государственного университета. Адрес: 625003, Тюмень, ул. Володарского, 6. E-mail: l.v.antosik@utmn.ru (контактное лицо для переписки)Ивашина Наталья Викторовна - кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры бизнес-информатики и экономико-математических методов Школы экономики и менеджмента Дальневосточного федерального университета. Адрес: 690090, Владивосток, ул. Суханова, 8. E-mail: ivashina_n@mail.ruНа основании данных Портала мониторинга трудоустройства выпускников вузов РФ проанализирована миграционная активность молодых специалистов в период с 2013 по 2015 г. Перемещение человеческих ресурсов между регионами обусловлено, в частности, неравномерностью распределения университетов на территории страны и различиями в уровне социально-экономического развития регионов. Послевузовская мобильность может лишать отдельные регионы значительной части квалифицированной рабочей силы. Наиболее активные миграционные потоки наблюдаются между Москвой, Санкт-Петербургом и Московской областью. Привлекают выпускников не только города федерального значения, но и северные промышленные регионы. В работе используется модифицированная гравитационная модель, в которой помимо стандартных факторов базовой гравитационной модели учитываются различные социально-экономические показатели регионов выбытия и прибытия. Применение инструментария гравитационного моделирования позволило выявить ряд факторов, "выталкивающих" выпускников из того или иного региона и "притягивающих" их. В первой группе - низкие заработные платы, высокий уровень бедности и безработицы. Во второй - высокие заработные платы, развитая культурная среда и инновационная активность бизнеса. Преимущественные направления миграционных потоков выпускников - "с юга на север" и "с востока на запад". Субъекты РФ существенно различаются по востребованности выпускников на региональных рынках труда. В результате анализа выделены привлекательные и непривлекательные в миграционном отношении регионы РФ. Для территорий, систематически теряющих часть квалифицированных работников, актуальными задачами являются разработка программ по привлечению молодых специалистов из иных регионов, создание новых высокопроизводительных рабочих мест и улучшение качества жизни.

Suggested Citation

  • Антосик Л. В. & Ивашина Н. В., 2021. "Факторы И Направления Межрегиональной Миграции Выпускников Вузов В России," Вопросы образования // Educational Studies Moscow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, issue 2, pages 107-125.
    • Handle: RePEc:scn:voprob:2021:i:2:p:107-125
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    References listed on IDEAS

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