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How do Price Caps in China’s Electricity Sector Impact the Economics of Coal, Power and Wind? Potential Gains from Reforms

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  • Bertrand Rioux
  • Philipp Galkin
  • Frederic Murphy
  • Axel Pierru

Abstract

China imposes maximum prices by plant type and region on the electricity that generators sell to utilities. We show that these price caps create a need for subsidies and cross-subsidies, and affect the economics of wind power. We model the price caps using a mixed complementarity formulation, calibrated to 2012 data. We find that the caps impose an annual cost of 45 billion RMB, alter the generation and fuel mixes, require subsidies for the market to clear, and do not incentivize adding capacity for a reserve margin. They incentivize market concentration so that generators can cross-subsidize power plants. Depending on the regulatory response, increasing wind capacity can alleviate the distortions due to the price caps. The added wind capacity, however, does not have a significant impact on the amount of coal consumed. We also find that the feed-in tariff was priced slightly higher than necessary.

Suggested Citation

  • Bertrand Rioux & Philipp Galkin & Frederic Murphy & Axel Pierru, 2017. "How do Price Caps in China’s Electricity Sector Impact the Economics of Coal, Power and Wind? Potential Gains from Reforms," The Energy Journal, , vol. 38(1_suppl), pages 63-76, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:enejou:v:38:y:2017:i:1_suppl:p:63-76
    DOI: 10.5547/01956574.38.SI1.brio
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chen, Zhan-Ming, 2014. "Inflationary effect of coal price change on the Chinese economy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 301-309.
    2. Frederic Murphy & Axel Pierru & Yves Smeers, 2016. "A Tutorial on Building Policy Models as Mixed-Complementarity Problems," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 46(6), pages 465-481, December.
    3. Harvey J. Greenberg & Frederic H. Murphy, 1985. "Computing Market Equilibria with Price Regulations Using Mathematical Programming," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 33(5), pages 935-954, October.
    4. Dai, Hancheng & Mischke, Peggy & Xie, Xuxuan & Xie, Yang & Masui, Toshihiko, 2016. "Closing the gap? Top-down versus bottom-up projections of China’s regional energy use and CO2 emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1355-1373.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cheng, Xiaobin & Liu, Pengfei & Zhu, Lei, 2024. "The impact of electricity market reform on renewable energy production," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).

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