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Fiscalité et redistribution

Author

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  • François Bourguignon
  • Pierre-André Chiappori

Abstract

[eng] The paper analyzes the structure of the French redistribution system, and investigates some directions for a reform. In the first section, we describe the existing system, with a particular emphasis upon incentives and redistribution. We conclude that the French system is redistributive, essentially through benefits. Disincentive effects appear costly ; furthermore, the complexity of the system contrasts with the straightforwardness of its aggregate effects. We then propose a « negative income tax » reform, based upon a lump-sum payment to all households and a taxation of all incomes at some basic rate, plus a higher rate for high incomes. We calibrate the model and evaluate its consequences. [fre] L'article étudie la structure du système français de redistribution, et explore les voies de réforme envisageables. Dans une première partie, on décrit les principales caractéristiques du système existant, du double point de vue de l'efficacité économique (et particulièrement des effets désincitatifs) et des propriétés redistributives. La conclusion est que le système est, dans l'ensemble, relativement redistributif, mais essentiellement du fait des prestations ; de plus, les effets de désincitations sont probablement assez coûteux, et l'ensemble est d'une complexité qui ne se justifie pas par ses effets, somme toute relativement simples. Nous proposons ensuite une réforme de type impôt négatif, fondée sur la juxtaposition d'un versement forfaitaire à tous les ménages et d'une taxation proportionnelle au premier franc ; cette dernière étant complétée par une surtaxe sur les hauts revenus de façon à préserver les propriétés redistributives des prélèvements. Une calibration permet de préciser les ordres de grandeur des changements induits.

Suggested Citation

  • François Bourguignon & Pierre-André Chiappori, 1998. "Fiscalité et redistribution," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 13(1), pages 3-64.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_1998_num_13_1_1039
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.1998.1039
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.1998.1039
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Olivier Bargain & Karina Doorley, 2009. "Caught in the Trap? The Disincentive Effect of Social Assistance," Working Papers 200906, School of Economics, University College Dublin.
    2. Thomas Melonio & Xavier Timbeau, 2006. "Les 140 points de PIB oubliés de la comptabilité nationale française," Documents de Travail de l'OFCE 2006-01, Observatoire Francais des Conjonctures Economiques (OFCE).
    3. Olivier Bargain & Kristian Orsini, 2006. "Beans for Breakfast? How Exportable is the British Workfare Model?," Research in Labor Economics, in: Micro-Simulation in Action, pages 165-198, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    4. Gilles Le Garrec & Vincent Touzé, 2018. "Prélèvement à la source de l'impôt sur le revenu et année de transition : quel impact pour les finances publiques et l'équité générationelle ?," Working Papers hal-03458262, HAL.
    5. Gilles Le Garrec & Vincent Touzé, 2016. "Prélèvement à la source de l'impôt sur le revenu et année de transition : quel impact pour les finances publiques et l'équité fiscale," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03469912, HAL.
    6. Bargain, Olivier & Orsini, Kristian, 2006. "In-work policies in Europe: Killing two birds with one stone?," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(6), pages 667-697, December.
    7. Philippe Mongin, 2008. "Sur le revenu de solidarité active," Revue d'économie politique, Dalloz, vol. 118(4), pages 433-474.
    8. Amedeo Spadaro, 2008. "Optimal taxation, social contract and the four worlds of welfare capitalism," Working Papers 98, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
    9. Olivier Bargain & Amedeo Spadaro, 2008. "Optimal Taxation, Social Contract and the Four Worlds of Welfare Capitalism," Working Papers 200816, School of Economics, University College Dublin.
    10. Laslier, Jean-Francois & Trannoy, Alain & Van Der Straeten, Karine, 2003. "Voting under ignorance of job skills of unemployed: the overtaxation bias," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(3-4), pages 595-626, March.
    11. Gilles Le Garrec & Vincent Touze, 2018. "Prélèvement à la source de l'impôt sur le revenu et année de transition : quel impact pour les finances publiques et l'équité générationelle ?," Sciences Po publications 20, Sciences Po.
    12. Gilles Le Garrec & Vincent Touzé, 2018. "Prélèvement à la source de l'impôt sur le revenu et année de transition : quel impact pour les finances publiques et l'équité générationelle ?," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03458262, HAL.
    13. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5f6r8mtjsm80ras2hkv5b13987 is not listed on IDEAS
    14. Mercedes Sastre & Alain Trannoy, 2002. "Shapley inequality decomposition by factor components: Some methodological issues," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 77(1), pages 51-89, December.
    15. Michaël Sicsic, 2018. "Financial Incentives to Work in France between 1998 and 2014," Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE), issue 503-504, pages 13-35.
    16. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/2rbo64egjr8j78lsej25qnm0pf is not listed on IDEAS
    17. Alexis, PARMENTIER, 2006. "The effects of the marginal tax rate in a matching model with endogenous labor supply," Discussion Papers (ECON - Département des Sciences Economiques) 2006011, Université catholique de Louvain, Département des Sciences Economiques.
    18. Gilles Le Garrec & Vincent Touzé, 2016. "Prélèvement à la source de l'impot sur le revenu et année de transition : quel impact pour les finances publiques et l'équité fiscale ?," Documents de Travail de l'OFCE 2016-28, Observatoire Francais des Conjonctures Economiques (OFCE).
    19. Guillaume Allègre, 2006. "L'emploi au niveau des ménages, 1982-2002 : mesurer la polarisation de l'emploi entre les ménages," Documents de Travail de l'OFCE 2006-20, Observatoire Francais des Conjonctures Economiques (OFCE).
    20. Atkinson, A.B., 2000. "A European social agenda: poverty benchmarking and social transfers," EUROMOD Working Papers EM3/00, EUROMOD at the Institute for Social and Economic Research.

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