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Responsabilité individuelle et fiscalité

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  • Marie-Claire Villeval
  • Claude Montmarquette
  • Louis Lévy-Garboua

Abstract

[eng] The deficit in collective-goods financing raises the issue of individual responsibility in groups and societies. Can a tax policy that strengthens individual responsibility reduce free-riding behavior ? We use experimental data to compare the efficiency of two tax policies aimed at supporting the provision of collective goods. In the first, the tax burden is uniform for all subjects ; in the second, the tax liability is adjusted to the individual’s voluntary contribution. Our results show that the uniform tax policy provides a greater incentive to free-riding, while the individualized tax policy favors cooperation by increasing individual responsibility. Individualized taxation fosters convergence of voluntary contributions toward the optimum and reduces the frequency of deficits. [fre] L’insuffisance de financement volontaire des biens collectifs pose la question de la responsabilité individuelle au sein des groupes et des sociétés. Une fiscalité renforçant l’engagement individuel permet-elle d’atténuer le problème du passager clandestin ? Cet article compare expérimentalement l’efficacité de deux types de fiscalité visant à soutenir l’offre d’un bien collectif. Dans l’un , la charge fiscale est répartie égalitairement entre les sujets ; dans l’autre , la charge est modulée en fonction du montant de la contribution volontaire individuelle. Les résultats montrent que l’uniformité incite au resquillage alors que l’individualisation fiscale favorise la coopération en responsabilisant les agents. Dans le second traitement, les contributions se rapprochent de l’optimum et la fréquence des déficits est réduite.

Suggested Citation

  • Marie-Claire Villeval & Claude Montmarquette & Louis Lévy-Garboua, 2008. "Responsabilité individuelle et fiscalité," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 182(1), pages 19-31.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2008_num_182_1_7749
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2008.7749
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2008.7749
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