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Évolutions locales de l'industrie 1982-1992 et convergence régionale

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  • Françoise Maurel

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[fre] Évolutions locales de l'industrie 1982-1992 et convergence régionale par Françoise Maurel . À partir de données sectorielles et régionales, cet article étudie l'influence des caractéristiques passées et présentes de l'industrie et plus généralement de l' environnement des entreprises sur la croissance locale de l'emploi entre 1 982 et 1 992, dans différents secteurs industriels. L'analyse menée à partir du modèle classique de convergence conditionnelle confirme dans un premier temps la faiblesse du processus de convergence de l'emploi entre zones géographiques. Ceci conduit à rechercher des facteurs explicatifs de la persistance des disparités locales. Parmi les facteurs d'agglomération mis en évidence, tant le niveau local du capital humain que des facteurs propres au tissu industriel se révèlent significatifs dans l'explication de la croissance de l'emploi des secteurs, relativement à leur niveau initial. Les résultats empiriques obtenus valident également l'importance des économies de localisation en faisant notamment de la concurrence locale un facteur de croissance des industries, ainsi qu'un facteur de convergence. [eng] Local Changes in Industry 1982-1992 and Regional Convergence: . Some Empirical Findings from French Data . by Françoise Maurel . This article uses sectoral and regional data to examine the influence of the past and present characteristics of industry and, more generally, the business environment, on the growth of local employment in various industrial sectors between 1982 and 1992. The analysis first uses a classical conditional convergence model to show the weak convergence of employment levels between different geographical areas. Then, it identifies the factors that explain the persistence of local disparities. Of the geographical concentration factors brought to light, both the level of local human capital and the factors specific to the industrial structures turn out to be significant, in relation to their initial levels, in explaining the growth of employment in the sectors. The empirical findings also validate the important role of external economies in location choices, showing that local competition is a growth factor for industrial sectors and a convergence factor.

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  • Françoise Maurel, 1997. "Évolutions locales de l'industrie 1982-1992 et convergence régionale," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 131(5), pages 77-91.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1997_num_131_5_5886
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1997.5886
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1997.5886
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