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Les modèles macroéconomiques de concurrence imparfaite sont-ils classiques ou Keynésiens ?

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  • Jean-Pascal Bénassy

Abstract

[eng] Classical and Keynesian Features in Macroeconomic Models of Imperfect Competition For more than fifty years now the two main (and competing) paradigms in macroeconomics have been the classical and Keynesian ones. Since about twenty five years a new paradigm, imperfect competition macroeconomics, has emerged, which avoids the main shortcomings of the two earlier ones. We investigate in this article whether the models in this line of work have more Keynesian or classical properties. For that purpose we construct a simple prototype macroeconomic model with imperfect competition and rational expectations, and study its properties. We find notably that the equilibria of this model have inefficiency properties very similar to those of Keynesian models. The economy, however, reacts to monetary and fiscal policies in a very " classical " manner. Finally normative prescriptions are neither Keynesian nor classical. [fre] Depuis une cinquantaine d'années le débat macroéconomique est dominé par l'affrontement entre "classiques" et "Keynésiens". Or depuis environ vingt cinq ans a émergé un nouveau paradigme, la macroéconomie de la concurrence imparfaite, qui évite les défauts les plus criants des deux écoles ci-dessus. On se demande dans cet article si les modèles de ce type ont des propriétés classiques, Keynésiennes ou autres. Pour répondre à cette question on construit un modèle macroéconomique " prototype " avec concurrence imparfaite et anticipations rationnelles, et on en étudie les propriétés. On trouve notamment que les équilibres du modèle ont des propriétés d'inefficacité extrêmement semblables à celles des modèles Keynésiens. Par contre la réponse de l'économie à des politiques monétaires ou fiscales est de nature beaucoup plus " classique ". Quant aux prescriptions " normatives " de politique économique, elles ne sont ni classiques, ni Keynésiennes.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Pascal Bénassy, 2000. "Les modèles macroéconomiques de concurrence imparfaite sont-ils classiques ou Keynésiens ?," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 37(1), pages 273-288.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_2000_num_37_1_1300
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.2000.1300
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.2000.1300
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