IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0272631.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic, policy responses and macroeconomic fundamentals on market risks across sectors in Vietnam

Author

Listed:
  • Hung Quang Bui
  • Thao Tran
  • Hung Le-Phuc Nguyen
  • Duc Hong Vo

Abstract

Vietnam has undergone four waves of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, which have posed significant market risks to various sectors. Understanding the market risk of Vietnamese sectors and its changes is important for policy implementation to support the economy after the pandemic. This study measures the sectoral market risks and examines the effects of the pandemic, policy responses and macroeconomic fundamentals on the market risks across sectors in Vietnam. We employ the Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) techniques to measure the market risks for 24 sectors from 2012 to 2021. The market risk levels across Vietnamese sectors have changed significantly in response to the pandemic. Oil and Gas and Services sectors show the largest potential loss during the two Covid-19 waves in 2020. The Securities sector is the riskiest sector during the last two Covid-19 waves in 2021. Our results indicate that the new Covid-19 cases reported by the Government increase the market risk levels across Vietnamese sectors. On the other hand, enhancing containment and health policy and reducing economic policy uncertainty result in lower market risk across sectors. We also find that macroeconomic fundamentals such as the exchange rate and interest rate significantly affect the market risks across sectors in Vietnam.

Suggested Citation

  • Hung Quang Bui & Thao Tran & Hung Le-Phuc Nguyen & Duc Hong Vo, 2022. "The impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic, policy responses and macroeconomic fundamentals on market risks across sectors in Vietnam," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(8), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0272631
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272631
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0272631
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0272631&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0272631?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Keith Kuester & Stefan Mittnik & Marc S. Paolella, 2006. "Value-at-Risk Prediction: A Comparison of Alternative Strategies," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 4(1), pages 53-89.
    2. Akyildirim, Erdinc & Cepni, Oguzhan & Molnár, Peter & Uddin, Gazi Salah, 2022. "Connectedness of energy markets around the world during the COVID-19 pandemic," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    3. Al-Awadhi, Abdullah M. & Alsaifi, Khaled & Al-Awadhi, Ahmad & Alhammadi, Salah, 2020. "Death and contagious infectious diseases: Impact of the COVID-19 virus on stock market returns," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    4. Chun-Ping Chang & Gen-Fu Feng & Mingbo Zheng, 2021. "Government Fighting Pandemic, Stock Market Return, and COVID-19 Virus Outbreak," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(8), pages 2389-2406, June.
    5. Bambang Susantono & Gazi Salah Uddin & Donghyun Park & Shu Tian, 2022. "On Hedging Properties of Infrastructure Assets during the Pandemic: What We Learn from Global and Emerging Markets?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-14, March.
    6. Izani Ibrahim & Kamilah Kamaludin & Sheela Sundarasen, 2020. "COVID-19, Government Response, and Market Volatility: Evidence from the Asia-Pacific Developed and Developing Markets," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-22, November.
    7. Batabyal, Sourav & Killins, Robert, 2021. "Economic policy uncertainty and stock market returns: Evidence from Canada," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 24(C).
    8. Robert J. Powell & Duc H. Vo & Thach N. Pham, 2018. "Economic cycles and downside commodities risk," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(4), pages 258-263, February.
    9. Baker, Scott R. & Bloom, Nicholas & Davis, Steven J. & Kost, Kyle, 2026. "Policy news and stock market volatility," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    10. Ashraf, Badar Nadeem, 2020. "Economic impact of government interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: International evidence from financial markets," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    11. Matthew C. Li & Catherine C. Lai & Ling Xiao, 2022. "Did COVID-19 increase equity market risk exposure? Evidence from China, the UK, and the US," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(6), pages 567-571, March.
    12. Paula Andreea TERINTE, 2015. "Applicability Of Value At Risk On Romanian Capital Market," Journal of Public Administration, Finance and Law, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, vol. 0(Special i), pages 104-109, September.
    13. Baker, Scott R. & Bloom, Nicholas & Davis, Steven J. & Kost, Kyle, 2026. "Policy news and stock market volatility," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    14. Umut Uyar & Ibrahim Korkmaz Kahraman, 2019. "The risk analysis of Bitcoin and major currencies: value at risk approach," Journal of Money Laundering Control, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 22(1), pages 38-52, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Duc Hong Vo, 2023. "Market risk, financial distress and firm performance in Vietnam," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(7), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Choi, Sun-Yong & Hadad, Elroi, 2025. "The dynamic relationship among economic and monetary policy, geopolitical risk, sentiment, and risk aversion: A TVP-VAR approach," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Huynh, Nhan & Dao, Anh & Nguyen, Dat, 2021. "Openness, economic uncertainty, government responses, and international financial market performance during the coronavirus pandemic," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(C).
    2. Pandey, Dharen Kumar & Al-ahdal, Waleed M. & Rusere, Warren & Ali, Azwadi & Nor, Safwan Mohd, 2024. "Impact of firm characteristics and country-level governance on global energy stocks during crises," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(PA).
    3. Elżbieta Kacperska & Jakub Kraciuk, 2021. "Changes in the Stock Market of Food Industry Companies during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Comparative Analysis of Poland and Germany," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-17, November.
    4. Percy Mkhosi & Ismail Fasanya, 2022. "Revisiting Interest Rate – Exchange Rate Dynamics in South Africa: How Relevant is Pandemic Uncertainties?," Scientific Annals of Economics and Business (continues Analele Stiintifice), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, vol. 69(3), pages 435-457, September.
    5. Nepp, Alexander & Okhrin, Ostap & Egorova, Julia & Dzhuraeva, Zarnigor & Zykov, Alexander, 2022. "What threatens stock markets more - The coronavirus or the hype around it?," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 519-539.
    6. Dash, Saumya Ranjan & Maitra, Debasish, 2022. "The COVID-19 pandemic uncertainty, investor sentiment, and global equity markets: Evidence from the time-frequency co-movements," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    7. Perote, Javier & Vicente-Lorente, José D. & Zuñiga-Vicente, Jose Angel, 2023. "How reactive is investment in US green bonds and ESG-eligible stocks in times of crisis? Exploring the COVID-19 crisis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    8. Tuna, Gülfen & Tuna, Vedat Ender, 2022. "Are effects of COVID-19 pandemic on financial markets permanent or temporary? Evidence from gold, oil and stock markets," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    9. Michał Wielechowski & Katarzyna Czech, 2021. "Companies’ Stock Market Performance in the Time of COVID-19: Alternative Energy vs. Main Stock Market Sectors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-26, December.
    10. Uddin, Moshfique & Chowdhury, Anup & Anderson, Keith & Chaudhuri, Kausik, 2021. "The effect of COVID – 19 pandemic on global stock market volatility: Can economic strength help to manage the uncertainty?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 31-44.
    11. Mohammadreza Mahmoudi, 2023. "Examining the Effect of Monetary Policy and Monetary Policy Uncertainty on Cryptocurrencies Market," Papers 2311.10739, arXiv.org.
    12. Shaikh, Imlak, 2021. "On the relation between Pandemic Disease Outbreak News and Crude oil, Gold, Gold mining, Silver and Energy Markets," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    13. Chiwei Su & Yiru Liu & Chang Liu & Ran Tao, 2022. "The Impact of Medical and Health Fiscal Expenditures on Pharmaceutical Industry Stock Index in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-14, September.
    14. Gu, Jianqiang & Yue, Xiao-Guang & Nosheen, Safia & Naveed -ul-Haq, & Shi, Lei, 2022. "Does more stringencies in government policies during pandemic impact stock returns? Fresh evidence from GREF countries, a new emerging green bloc," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    15. Khan, Muhammad Asif & Segovia, Juan E.Trinidad & Bhatti, M.Ishaq & Kabir, Asif, 2023. "Corporate vulnerability in the US and China during COVID-19: A machine learning approach," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    16. Zhang, Yulian & Hamori, Shigeyuki, 2021. "Do news sentiment and the economic uncertainty caused by public health events impact macroeconomic indicators? Evidence from a TVP-VAR decomposition approach," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 145-162.
    17. Boniface Yemba & Yi Duan & Nabaneeta Biswas, 2023. "Government spending news and stock price index," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 43(4), pages 1816-1841.
    18. Md. Mahmudul Alam & Haitian Wei & Abu N. M. Wahid, 2021. "COVID‐19 outbreak and sectoral performance of the Australian stock market: An event study analysis," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(3), pages 482-495, September.
    19. Himounet, Nicolas, 2022. "Searching the nature of uncertainty: Macroeconomic and financial risks VS geopolitical and pandemic risks," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 1-31.
    20. Ioannis A. Venetis & Avgoustinos Ladas, 2023. "Co-movement and global factors in sovereign bond yields," Bulletin of Applied Economics, Risk Market Journals, vol. 10(2), pages 17-45.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0272631. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.