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COVID-19 and Federalism in India: Capturing the Effects of State and Central Responses on Mobility

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  • Himangshu Kumar

    (Centre for Development Studies)

  • Manikantha Nataraj

    (Centre for Development Studies)

  • Srikanta Kundu

    (Centre for Development Studies)

Abstract

In response to the rapidly spreading COVID-19 pandemic, governments resorted to containment and closure measures to reduce population mobility and ensure social distancing. Initially, India’s state governments enacted varying social-distancing policies until the Central government overrode states to impose a nationwide lockdown on 24th March. This paper examines the relative impact of state- and central-level social-distancing policies on changes in mobility, comparing the periods before and after the national lockdown. A district-level panel dataset is formed, compiling data on social-distancing policies and changes in population mobility patterns. Panel regressions reveal that the incremental effect of each social-distancing policy varied across states in the pre-24th March period. The national lockdown led to much larger, though varying, reductions in mobility across all states. Overall, states which were able to achieve higher compliance in terms of reducing mobility in the pre-lockdown phase performed better in the national lockdown.

Suggested Citation

  • Himangshu Kumar & Manikantha Nataraj & Srikanta Kundu, 2022. "COVID-19 and Federalism in India: Capturing the Effects of State and Central Responses on Mobility," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 34(5), pages 2463-2492, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:eurjdr:v:34:y:2022:i:5:d:10.1057_s41287-021-00463-4
    DOI: 10.1057/s41287-021-00463-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kenneth Lee & Harshil Sahai & Patrick Baylis & Michael Greenstone, 2020. "Job Loss and Behavioral Change: The Unprecedented Effects of the India Lockdown in Delhi," Working Papers 2020-65, Becker Friedman Institute for Research In Economics.
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    3. Fang, Hanming & Wang, Long & Yang, Yang, 2020. "Human mobility restrictions and the spread of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    4. Devesh Kapur, 2020. "Why Does the Indian State Both Fail and Succeed?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 34(1), pages 31-54, Winter.
    5. Wisarut Suwanprasert, 2020. "COVID-19 and Endogenous Public Avoidance: Insights from an Economic Model," PIER Discussion Papers 128, Puey Ungphakorn Institute for Economic Research.
    6. Briscese, Guglielmo & Lacetera, Nicola & Macis, Mario & Tonin, Mirco, 2020. "Compliance with COVID-19 Social-Distancing Measures in Italy: The Role of Expectations and Duration," IZA Discussion Papers 13092, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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    1. Breide, Lukas & Budzinski, Oliver & Grebel, Thomas & Mendelsohn, Juliane, 2023. "Forerunners vs. latecomers: Institutional competition in the German federalism during the COVID crisis," Ilmenau Economics Discussion Papers 182, Ilmenau University of Technology, Institute of Economics.

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