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Gazdasági növekedés, felzárkózás és költségvetési politika
[Economic growth, catching up, and fiscal policy]

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  • Valentinyi, Ákos

Abstract

A tanulmány a költségvetési politikának a növekedésre és a felzárkózásra gyakorolt kvalitatív és kvantitatív hatásait elemzi egy kis, nyitott gazdaság endogén növekedési modelljében. A modellgazdaságban a növekedés motorja a humántőke-felhalmozás, amelyben a jövedelemszintek konvergenciáját az országok közötti humántőkeexternália biztosította. Modellünk figyelembe veszi az árnyékgazdaság jelenlétét, és felteszi, hogy a költségvetési politika képes mind a termelés, mind a humántőkefelhalmozás hatékonyságát befolyásolni. Ezért a kormányzat mind az adóstruktúra, mind a kiadási szerkezet megválasztásával befolyásolja a gazdaság viselkedését. A parametrizált modell viselkedése azt mutatja, hogy a tőkejövedelmekre kivette adóknak van a legerősebb hatása a relatív jövedelemszint alakulására. Az egyéb adók és a kormányzat produktív kiadásai sokkal kisebb befolyást gyakorolnak a gazdaságra. Ez a megállapítás érvényes mind a kiegyensúlyozott, mind az átmeneti növekedési pályára. Ez azt jelenti, hogy a tőkejövedelmekre kivetett adók csökkentése - amelyet vagy a nem produktív kiadások csökkentése, vagy más adók növelése kísér - biztosabb módja a növekedés és felzárkózás elősegítésének, mint a produktív kiadások növelése.

Suggested Citation

  • Valentinyi, Ákos, 2002. "Gazdasági növekedés, felzárkózás és költségvetési politika [Economic growth, catching up, and fiscal policy]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(1), pages 1-23.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:520
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lengyel, Imre & Varga, Attila, 2018. "A magyar gazdasági növekedés térbeli korlátai - helyzetkép és alapvető dilemmák [The spatial limits of economic growth in Hungary: An overview and some dilemmas]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(5), pages 499-524.
    2. Scharle, Ágota & Szabó, Miklós & Lelkes, Orsolya & Benedek, Dóra, 2006. "A magyar államháztartási bevételek és kiadások szerkezete 1991-2004 között [The structure of Hungarian public revenue and expenditure, 1991-2004]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(2), pages 119-143.
    3. P. Kiss, Gábor, 2002. "A fiskális jelzőszámok új megközelítésben [A new approach to fiscal index numbers]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(4), pages 292-319.
    4. Szilágyi, Katalin & Major, Klára, 2007. "Kormányzati beruházás kis, nyitott gazdaságban [Government investment in a small open economy]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(1), pages 29-48.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E63 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy; Stabilization; Treasury Policy
    • H61 - Public Economics - - National Budget, Deficit, and Debt - - - Budget; Budget Systems
    • D58 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models

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