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Impact of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies on Food Security of Farm Households in Rural Dire Dawa Administration, Ethiopia

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Listed:
  • Girma Admasu
  • Jema Haji
  • Chanyalew Siyum
  • Eric Ndemo

Abstract

Background- The impact of climate change on smallholder farmers in underdeveloped countries—specifically, Ethiopia is widely recognized. Farm households employ a range of geographically and temporally varying adaptation strategies to cope with the adverse consequences of climate change. Therefore, it is critical to examine the few empirical studies that examine how rural Ethiopian farm households confronting drought have responded to climate change to ensure food security. Primary data were collected from 385 randomly selected farm households using a semi-structured survey form. Data analysis was performed using endogenous switching regression models and descriptive statistics. Result- Results show that the majority of the sample households (76.7%) adopted climate change adaptation strategies (livelihood diversification, soil and water conservation, and chemical fertilizers separately or in combination) while the remaining 23.3% are non-adopters. Climate change knowledge is validated as an instrumental variable. Model results revealed that adopter farmers would have significantly lower (11.6%) daily calorie intake if they had not adopted them, and non-adopter farmers would have gained significantly higher (12.8%) daily calorie intake if they had adopted them. Sex, marital status, land fragmentation, education, family size, farm size, credit access, extension contacts, and livestock ownership are significantly associated with the likelihood of adoption. Results also show systematic differences where the sex of the head variable is inversely related to the food security of adopters and vice versa for non-adopters. Conclusion- The majority of farm households in the study area know the implications of climate change (73.5%) and suffer from food insecurity (59%). Farmers' knowledge about climate change and variability varies, affecting social, economic, biophysical, and institutional issues. This was shown using descriptive statistics and OLM data. Farm households led by young, male farmers who are married, frequently interact with extension agents, have access to loans and information about climate change, and have non-fragmented plots possess greater knowledge about climate change than other households. Adaptation interventions should consider the above factors and heterogeneities to increase adoption and improve the food security of farm households in the study area.

Suggested Citation

  • Girma Admasu & Jema Haji & Chanyalew Siyum & Eric Ndemo, 2024. "Impact of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies on Food Security of Farm Households in Rural Dire Dawa Administration, Ethiopia," Sustainable Agriculture Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(2), pages 1-1, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:ibn:sarjnl:v:13:y:2024:i:2:p:1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. T. O. Ojo & L. J. S. Baiyegunhi, 2020. "Determinants of credit constraints and its impact on the adoption of climate change adaptation strategies among rice farmers in South-West Nigeria," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 9(1), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Adugna Tafesse & Gazahgne Ayele & Mengistu Ketema & Endrias Geta, 2015. "Food Security and Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in Eastern Ethiopia," Business, Management and Economics Research, Academic Research Publishing Group, vol. 1(3), pages 33-43, 07-2015.
    3. Tuyen Quang Tran & Huong Van Vu, 2021. "The impact of land fragmentation on food security in the North Central Coast, Vietnam," Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 8(2), pages 327-345, May.
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    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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