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Impact of Climate Change on Budget Balance: Implications for Fiscal Policy in the ECOWAS Region

Author

Listed:
  • Binta Yahaya
  • Louis Sevitenyi Nkwatoh
  • Babagana Adamu Jajere

Abstract

The budget deficits of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) have been widening over the years. This study investigated the impact of climate change on budget balance and projected its implication for fiscal policy in ECOWAS countries. The two-step dynamic GMM method was applied for a balanced panel data of 14 countries from 2008 to 2018. The study found that rainfall is the only climate variable that increases budget deficits. Other macroeconomic variables- debt to GDP ratio and inflation were also responsible for the widening budget deficits. A major policy implication of this finding is that extreme and unpredictable rainfalls will distort the fiscal balance of ECOWAS countries by either reducing the revenue generation outlets or by raising expenditures. This will lead to more borrowing that will further widen the existing budget deficits through debt servicing, hence, making the respective governments to pay less attention on other sectors of the economy. Thus, ECOWAS countries need to expand their revenue generation sources either by creating an enabling environment for more businesses and investments to strive or by engaging in more foreign direct investment (FDI).

Suggested Citation

  • Binta Yahaya & Louis Sevitenyi Nkwatoh & Babagana Adamu Jajere, 2021. "Impact of Climate Change on Budget Balance: Implications for Fiscal Policy in the ECOWAS Region," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(8), pages 1-25, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:ibn:ijefaa:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:25
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Schuknecht, Ludger, 1999. "Fiscal policy cycles and the exchange rate regime in developing countries," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 569-580, September.
    2. Andres, Pablo de & Vallelado, Eleuterio, 2008. "Corporate governance in banking: The role of the board of directors," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(12), pages 2570-2580, December.
    3. repec:aer:wpaper:149 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Tujula, Mika & Wolswijk, Guido, 2004. "What determines fiscal balances? An empirical investigation in determinants of changes in OECD budget balances," Working Paper Series 422, European Central Bank.
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    1. Gheorghița Dincă & Ioana-Cătălina Netcu & Asmaa El-Naser, 2023. "Analyzing EU’s Agricultural Sector and Public Spending under Climate Change," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-24, December.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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