Methodology of Study of the Internal Imbalances in the Activities of Credit Institutions as a Prerequisite for Ensuring Their Financial Stability

The purpose of the article is to describe the key methodological aspects of study of internal imbalances in the activities of credit institutions, the observance of which is important in terms of ensuring the timely adoption of management measures to avoid or minimize the negative impacts of their development and accumulation on the institutions' financial state. It was determined that the imbalance phenomenon is an integral part of the development of the credit institution as a complex economic system. In this study the imbalance is considered as a dialectically interconnected contrast of equilibrium, an organic, objective component of the dependencies' triad 'balance - imbalances - crisis'. Based on the study of internal imbalances in the activities of credit institutions in terms of their financial stability, the inappropriateness of imbalances' limitation exclusively by the financial type was grounded. The latter are almost the result of the accumulation of various non-financial imbalances, which, in particular, arise in the field of personnel policy or they are caused by the organizational and managerial deficiencies in the activities of institutions both at the conceptual and executive level (strategic, tactical, operational). The methodology for investigating internal imbalances in the activities of credit institutions was formed, based on: 1) the system-synergistic approach (it allows to substantiate that depending on the objective systemic imbalances in the economy, internal imbalances change their form of realization from latent to reactive, which actualizes all previously accumulated contradictions, multiplies their negative consequences, stimulates pre-unexpected non-linear relationships); 2) situational approach (it is implemented through the theory of firm's life cycles and involves the use of different management models, depending on the life phase of the institution, its main business priorities at the moment); 3) ecological approach (the institution is represented as a passive object of influence of the external environment, which determines the primary importance of diagnosing and managerial influence on financial internal imbalances, as direct channels of distribution of systemic instability); 4) strategic approach (the institution is represented as an active subject of economic relations, capable not only to adapt, but to counteract and actively influence the environment, which necessitates the strategic management of the state of internal imbalances).