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Determinants of Farmers’ Strategies for Adaptation to Climate Change in Agricultural Production in Afghanistan

Author

Listed:
  • Senthilnathan Samiappan

    (Department of Agronomy, Directorate of Crop Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641007, Tamil Nadu, India)

  • Meraj Sarwary

    (Department of Agricultural Economics & Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Nangarhar University, Jalalabad 2601, Nangarhar, Afghanistan
    Department of Agricultural Economics, Çukurova University, 01250 Adana, Turkey)

  • Saravanakumar Venkatachalam

    (Department of Agricultural Economics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India)

  • Ezatullah Shinwari

    (Department of Agricultural Economics & Extension, Sayed Jamaluddin Afghani University, Asadabad 2801, Kunar, Afghanistan)

  • Kokilavani Sembanan

    (Agro Climate Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India)

  • Jeyalakshmi Poornalingam

    (Department of Agricultural Economics, VOC Agricultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Vallanad 628252, Tamil Nadu, India)

  • Kiruthika Natarajan

    (Department of Social Sciences, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Tiruchirappalli 620027, Tamil Nadu, India)

  • Nirmaladevi Muthusamy

    (Department of Physical Sciences & Information Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India)

  • Indumathi Veeramuthu Murugiah

    (Department of Agricultural and Rural Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India)

  • Satheeshkumar Natesan

    (Maize Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vagarai 624613, Tamil Nadu, India)

  • Anitha Thiyagarajan

    (Department of Post Harvest Technology, Horticultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Periyakulam 625604, Tamil Nadu, India)

  • Subasri Kathiravan

    (Department of Agricultural Economics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India)

Abstract

Climate variability and extremes adversely affect the agricultural production system, food security, livestock sector, and water resources. With the cumulative effects of climate variability, there is a need to anticipate and develop appropriate adaptation strategies to cope with changing climatic conditions. It is necessary to study the adaptation strategies that are to be followed for climate change to examine the ability of vulnerable communities and people, frequently affected by drought and other climate-related risks, to adapt to climate change impacts. Hence, the present study examined the determinants of various climate change adaptation strategies followed by farmers as a measure to face climate variability, which will be ultimately beneficial and enlightening to policymakers to gain knowledge about the measures to be taken to mitigate the impact of climate change. The study was undertaken using data collected from 105 farm households with an organized pre-tested interview schedule in the central agro-climatic zone of Afghanistan. The multivariate probit econometric model was used to analyze the factors responsible for major adaptation strategies to mitigate the impact of climate change. The key findings of the model indicated that the probability of educated farmers migrating to the non-agricultural sector for employment has increased by 1.3 percent, and those who have more land area have adopted a reduction in irrigation by 5.2 percent as an adaptive mechanism. The study also found that having access to technical guidance from extension officials increased the likelihood of farmers changing their cropping pattern by 18.6 percent and of diversifying their farms by 19.2 percent. On the other hand, expert guidance reduced the likelihood of drilling new bore wells by 20.5 percentage points and decreased the probability of selling livestock by 10.8 percentage points. The results of the study provide policy insights to improve the ability of farmers to modify their practices through improvement in extension services, irrigation infrastructure facilities, watershed development, and climate-resilient agricultural systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Senthilnathan Samiappan & Meraj Sarwary & Saravanakumar Venkatachalam & Ezatullah Shinwari & Kokilavani Sembanan & Jeyalakshmi Poornalingam & Kiruthika Natarajan & Nirmaladevi Muthusamy & Indumathi Ve, 2025. "Determinants of Farmers’ Strategies for Adaptation to Climate Change in Agricultural Production in Afghanistan," World, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jworld:v:6:y:2025:i:2:p:59-:d:1649619
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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