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Outdoor Recreation in Southeastern United States National Forests: An Investigation of the Influence of Ethnicity and Gasoline Price on Individual Participation

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  • Rosny Jean

    (School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA)

  • Kozma Naka

    (Biological and Environmental Sciences Department, Alabama A&M University, Normal, AL 35762, USA)

  • Colmore S. Christian

    (Biological and Environmental Sciences Department, Alabama A&M University, Normal, AL 35762, USA)

  • Buddhi Raj Gyawali

    (School of Agriculture, Community, and the Sciences, Kentucky State University, Frankfort, KY 40601, USA)

  • Troy Bowman

    (Biological and Environmental Sciences Department, Alabama A&M University, Normal, AL 35762, USA)

  • Sampson Hopkinson

    (Biological and Environmental Sciences Department, Alabama A&M University, Normal, AL 35762, USA)

Abstract

Outdoor recreation is one of the most widely recognized ecosystem services provided by forests and grasslands in the world. This paper examined the influence of factors not related to landscape values, such as ethnicity and gasoline prices, on individual participation in outdoor recreation in the southeastern region of the U.S. The model results showed that there were no significant ( p > 0.05) differences between the race groups (Caucasians and non-Caucasians) for participation in the different activities either between racial groups or among National Forest (NF). This may be due to the very high proportion of Caucasian participants in the study. The results also revealed that travel costs negatively influence the number of NF visits. The number of NF visits decreases if the gasoline price increases by 20% and more. The results of this study have practical importance for different entities such as stakeholders, tourism operators, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, and local authorities.

Suggested Citation

  • Rosny Jean & Kozma Naka & Colmore S. Christian & Buddhi Raj Gyawali & Troy Bowman & Sampson Hopkinson, 2023. "Outdoor Recreation in Southeastern United States National Forests: An Investigation of the Influence of Ethnicity and Gasoline Price on Individual Participation," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 4(2), pages 1-25, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jtourh:v:4:y:2023:i:2:p:16-281:d:1132848
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    References listed on IDEAS

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