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A Comprehensive Quantitative Evaluation of New Sustainable Urbanization Level in 20 Chinese Urban Agglomerations

Author

Listed:
  • Cong Xu

    (Institute of Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China)

  • Shixin Wang

    (Institute of Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China)

  • Yi Zhou

    (Institute of Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China)

  • Litao Wang

    (Institute of Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China)

  • Wenliang Liu

    (Institute of Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China)

Abstract

On 16 March 2014, the State Council of China launched its first urbanization planning initiative dubbed “National New Urbanization Planning (2014–2020)” (NNUP). NNUP put forward 20 urban agglomerations and a sustainable development approach aiming to transform traditional Chinese urbanization to sustainable new urbanization. This study quantitatively evaluates the level of sustainability of the present new urbanization process in 20 Chinese urban agglomerations and provides some positive suggestions for the achievement of sustainable new urbanization. A three-level index system which is based on six fundamental elements in a city and a Full Permutation Polygon Synthetic Indicator evaluation method are adopted. The results show that China is undergoing a new urbanization process with a low level of sustainability and there are many problems remaining from traditional urbanization processes. There exists a polarized phenomenon in the urbanization of 20 urban agglomerations. Based on their own development patterns, the 20 urban agglomerations can be divided into seven categories. Every category has its own development characteristics. The analyses also show that waste of water resources, abuse of land resources, and air pollution are three big problems that are closely linked to traditional Chinese urbanization processes. To achieve sustainable new urbanization in China, four relevant suggestions and comments have been provided.

Suggested Citation

  • Cong Xu & Shixin Wang & Yi Zhou & Litao Wang & Wenliang Liu, 2016. "A Comprehensive Quantitative Evaluation of New Sustainable Urbanization Level in 20 Chinese Urban Agglomerations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-19, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:91-:d:62959
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    Cited by:

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    3. Lin Ding & Zhenfeng Shao & Hanchao Zhang & Cong Xu & Dewen Wu, 2016. "A Comprehensive Evaluation of Urban Sustainable Development in China Based on the TOPSIS-Entropy Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-23, August.
    4. Fernanda Caroline Caldatto & Sandro César Bortoluzzi & Edson Pinheiro de Lima & Sergio E. Gouvea da Costa, 2021. "Urban Sustainability Performance Measurement of a Small Brazilian City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-16, September.
    5. Dong Xu & Guolin Hou, 2019. "The Spatiotemporal Coupling Characteristics of Regional Urbanization and Its Influencing Factors: Taking the Yangtze River Delta as an Example," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-19, February.
    6. Danning Du, 2017. "The causal relationship between land urbanization quality and economic growth: evidence from capital cities in China," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 51(6), pages 2707-2723, November.
    7. Jing Bian & Hong Ren & Ping Liu & Yu Zhang, 2018. "Sustainable Urbanization Performance Evaluation Based on “Origin” and “Modernization” Perspectives: A Case Study of Chongqing, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-17, August.
    8. Halla, Pekka & Merino-Saum, Albert, 2021. "Conceptual frameworks for urban sustainability indicators - an empirical analysis," SocArXiv vayq7, Center for Open Science.
    9. Nelunika Priyashani & Nayomi Kankanamge & Tan Yigitcanlar, 2023. "Multisource Open Geospatial Big Data Fusion: Application of the Method to Demarcate Urban Agglomeration Footprints," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-23, February.
    10. Pingtao Yi & Lu Wang & Danning Zhang & Weiwei Li, 2019. "Sustainability Assessment of Provincial-Level Regions in China Using Composite Sustainable Indicator," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-20, September.
    11. Chao Wei & Zhanqi Wang & Xi Lan & Hongwei Zhang & Mengjiao Fan, 2018. "The Spatial-Temporal Characteristics and Dilemmas of Sustainable Urbanization in China: A New Perspective Based on the Concept of Five-in-One," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-28, December.
    12. Stanislav V. Konovalenkov, 2020. "Digital transformation of obtaining data for an express assessment of regional sustainable development," Economic Consultant, Scientific and Educational Initiative LLC, vol. 30(2), pages 13-24.
    13. Juan Yin & Zhong Yang & Jin Guo, 2022. "Externalities of Urban Agglomerations: An Empirical Study of the Chinese Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-19, September.
    14. Pingtao Yi & Weiwei Li & Danning Zhang, 2019. "Assessment of City Sustainability Using MCDM with Interdependent Criteria Weight," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-20, March.
    15. Jingtao Wang & Haibin Liu & Di Peng & Qian Lv & Yu Sun & Hui Huang & Hao Liu, 2021. "The County-Scale Economic Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Seven Urban Agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin—A Study Based on the Integrated Nighttime Light Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-22, April.
    16. Yuantong Jiang & Shoukai Sun & Yening Wang & Shuanning Zheng, 2018. "Niche Evolution of China’s Provincial Social–Economic–Natural Complex Ecosystems, 2005–2015," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, August.
    17. Valentina S. Vasilyeva, 2020. "Structural and spatial priorities of socio-economic development and their implementation in the territory of the Rostov region (Russian Federation)," Economic Consultant, Scientific and Educational Initiative LLC, vol. 30(2), pages 25-35.
    18. Pekka Halla & Albert Merino‐Saum, 2022. "Conceptual frameworks in indicator‐based assessments of urban sustainability—An analysis based on 67 initiatives," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(5), pages 1056-1071, October.
    19. Jing Peng & Yanhong Liu & Qi Wang & Guoping Tu & Xinjian Huang, 2021. "The Impact of New Urbanization Policy on In Situ Urbanization—Policy Test Based on Difference-in-Differences Model," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-16, February.
    20. Fatma Sena Karal & Ayberk Soyer, 2024. "A systematic literature review: Setting a basis for smart and sustainable city performance measurement," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(1), pages 555-573, February.
    21. Qiufang Shi & Xiaoyong Yan & Bin Jia & Ziyou Gao, 2020. "Freight Data-Driven Research on Evaluation Indexes for Urban Agglomeration Development Degree," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-16, June.

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